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Theravāda Vinaya
Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
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Bhikkhunivibhaṅga
The Nuns’ Analysis
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Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
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Gabbhinivagga
The subchapter on pregnant women
65. Gihigatasikkhāpada
The training rule on married girls
Origin story
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṁ gihigataṁ vuṭṭhāpenti.
the nuns were giving the full admission to married girls less than twelve years old.
Tā akkhamā honti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṁ duruttānaṁ durāgatānaṁ vacanapathānaṁ.
They were unable to endure cold and heat; hunger and thirst; contact with horseflies, mosquitoes, wind, the burning sun, and creeping animals and insects; rude and unwelcome speech;
Uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ anadhivāsakajātikā honti.
and they were unable to bear up with bodily feelings that are painful, severe, sharp, and destructive of life.
Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The nuns of few desires complained and criticized them,
“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṁ gihigataṁ vuṭṭhāpessantī”ti …pe…
“How can nuns give the full admission to married girls less than twelve years old?” …
“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṁ gihigataṁ vuṭṭhāpentī”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that nuns do this?”
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …
kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṁ gihigataṁ vuṭṭhāpessanti.
“How can nuns do this?
Ūnadvādasavassā, bhikkhave, gihigatā akkhamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṁ duruttānaṁ durāgatānaṁ vacanapathānaṁ.
A married girl less than twelve years old is unable to endure cold and heat; hunger and thirst; contact with horseflies, mosquitoes, wind, the burning sun, and creeping animals and insects; rude and unwelcome speech;
Uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ anadhivāsakajātikā hoti.
and she’s unable to bear up with bodily feelings that are painful, severe, sharp, and destructive of life.
Dvādasavassāva kho, bhikkhave, gihigatā khamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṁ duruttānaṁ durāgatānaṁ vacanapathānaṁ.
But a married girl who is twelve years old is able to endure these things.
Uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ adhivāsakajātikā hoti.
Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …
evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
“Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnadvādasavassaṁ gihigataṁ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a nun gives the full admission to a married girl who is less than twelve years old, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
Definitions
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Yā panāti
A:
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yā yādisā …pe…
whoever …
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bhikkhunīti
Nun:
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…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
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Ūnadvādasavassā nāma
Who is less than twelve years old:
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appattadvādasavassā.
who has not reached twelve years of age.
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Gihigatā nāma
A married girl:
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purisantaragatā vuccati.
one who has gone to the place of a man is what is meant.
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Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti
Gives the full admission:
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upasampādeyya.
gives the full ordination.
“Vuṭṭhāpessāmī”ti gaṇaṁ vā ācariniṁ vā pattaṁ vā cīvaraṁ vā pariyesati, sīmaṁ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If, intending to give the full admission, she searches for a group, a teacher, a bowl, or a robe, or she establishes a monastery zone, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ. After the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. After each of the first two announcements, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. When the last announcement is finished, the preceptor commits an offense entailing confession,
Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa. and the group and the teacher commit an offense of wrong conduct.
Permutations
Ūnadvādasavassāya ūnadvādasavassasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If the girl is less than twelve years old, but the nun perceives her as less, yet she gives her the full admission, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Ūnadvādasavassāya vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the girl is less than twelve years old, but the nun is unsure of it, yet she gives her the full admission, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ūnadvādasavassāya paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti.
If the girl is less than twelve years old, but the nun perceives her as more, and she gives her the full admission, there is no offense.
Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya ūnadvādasavassasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the girl is more than twelve years old, but the nun perceives her as less, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the girl is more than twelve years old, but the nun is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya paripuṇṇasaññā, anāpatti.
If the girl is more than twelve years old, and the nun perceives her as more, there is no offense.
Non-offenses
Anāpatti—
There is no offense:
ūnadvādasavassaṁ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti,
if she gives the full admission to a girl less than twelve years old, but she perceives her as more;
paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṁ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti,
if she gives the full admission to a girl more than twelve years old, and she perceives her as more;
ummattikāya,
if she is insane;
ādikammikāyāti.
if she is the first offender.
Pañcamasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The fifth training rule is finished.
