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Theravāda Vinaya
Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
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Bhikkhunivibhaṅga
The Nuns’ Analysis
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Saṅghādisesakaṇḍa
The chapter on offenses entailing suspension
5. Bhojanapaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpada
The training rule on receiving food
Origin story
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.
Tena kho pana samayena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā.
At that time there was a beautiful nun called Sundarīnandā.
Manussā bhattagge sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ passitvā avassutā avassutāya sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā aggamaggāni bhojanāni denti.
When people saw her in the dining hall, they gave her the best food, both the donors and the recipient having lust.
Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī yāvadatthaṁ bhuñjati;
Sundarīnandā ate as much as she liked,
aññā bhikkhuniyo na cittarūpaṁ labhanti.
but not so the other nuns.
Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The nuns of few desires complained and criticized her,
“kathañhi nāma ayyā sundarīnandā avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādissati bhuñjissatī”ti …pe…
“How could Venerable Sundarīnandā, being lustful, eat either fresh or cooked food after receiving it directly from a lustful man?” …
“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādati bhuñjatī”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that the nun Sundarīnandā did this?”
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked her …
kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādissati bhuñjissati.
“How could Sundarīnandā, being lustful, eat either fresh or cooked food after receiving it directly from a lustful man?
Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …
evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
“Yā pana bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, ayampi bhikkhunī paṭhamāpattikaṁ dhammaṁ āpannā nissāraṇīyaṁ saṅghādisesan”ti.
‘If a lustful nun eats fresh or cooked food after receiving it directly from a lustful man, then that nun too has committed an immediate offense entailing sending away and suspension.’”
Definitions
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Yā panāti
A:
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yā yādisā …pe…
whoever …
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bhikkhunīti
Nun:
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…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
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Avassutā nāma
Lustful:
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sārattā apekkhavatī paṭibaddhacittā.
having lust, longing for, in love with.
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Avassuto nāma
Lustful:
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sāratto apekkhavā paṭibaddhacitto.
having lust, longing for, in love with.
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Purisapuggalo nāma
Man:
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manussapuriso, na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato, viññū paṭibalo sārajjituṁ.
a human male, not a male spirit, not a male ghost, not a male animal. He understands and is capable of having lust.
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Khādanīyaṁ nāma
Fresh food:
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pañca bhojanāni udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.
apart from the five cooked foods, water, and tooth cleaners, the rest is called “fresh food”.
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Bhojanīyaṁ nāma
Cooked food:
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pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.
there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat.
“Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti thullaccayassa. If she receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, she commits a serious offense.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti saṅghādisesassa. For every mouthful, she commits an offense entailing suspension.
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Ayampīti
That too:
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purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
this is said with reference to the preceding offenses.
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Paṭhamāpattikanti
An immediate offense:
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saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
there is an offense as soon as the misconduct is committed, and no pressing is required.
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Nissāraṇīyanti
Entailing sending away:
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saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
she is sent away from the Sangha.
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Saṅghādisesoti
Suspension:
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…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
… Therefore, too, it is called an offense entailing suspension.
Permutations
Udakadantaponaṁ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she receives water or a tooth cleaner, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ekatoavassute “khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If only the man has lust, and she receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa.
For every mouthful, she commits a serious offense.
Udakadantaponaṁ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she receives water or a tooth cleaner, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ubhatoavassute yakkhassa vā petassa vā paṇḍakassa vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahassa vā hatthato “khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If both of them have lust, and she receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it directly from a male spirit, a male ghost, a paṇḍaka, or a male animal in human form, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa.
For every mouthful, she commits a serious offense.
Udakadantaponaṁ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she receives water or a tooth cleaner, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ekatoavassute “khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If only the male being has lust, and she receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.
For every mouthful, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Udakadantaponaṁ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she receives water or a tooth cleaner, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Non-offenses
Anāpatti—
There is no offense:
ubhatoanavassutā honti,
if both are without lust;
“anavassuto”ti jānantī paṭiggaṇhāti,
if she receives, knowing that the man has no lust;
ummattikāya,
if she is insane;
ādikammikāyāti.
if she is the first offender.
Pañcamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The fifth offense entailing suspension is finished.
