11: The Book of the Elevens
14. Subhūti
- DG BB TBW © Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi (More copyright information)
1Then the Venerable Subhūti together with the bhikkhu Saddha approached the Blessed One, paid homage to him, and sat down to one side. The Blessed One then said to the Venerable Subhūti:
"What is this bhikkhu's name, Subhūti?"
"His name is Saddha, Bhante. He is the son of a male lay follower endowed with faith, [n.2220] Saddhassa upāsakassa putto. This might have also been rendered "the son of the male lay follower Saddha," taking saddha to be a proper name. But in such a case I would expect nāma to have been included. Be reads sudattassa upāsakassa putto, "the son of the male lay follower Sudatta." Sudatta was the proper name of Anāthapiṇḍika, but Anāthapiṇḍika's children would surely have been well known to the Buddha and thus his inquiry about the monk's identity would be strange. Further, except under rare conditions, the Nikāyas do not refer to Anāthapiṇḍika by his personal name. and he has gone forth from the household life into homelessness out of faith."
2"I hope that this son of a male lay follower endowed with faith, the bhikkhu Saddha, who has gone forth from the household life into homelessness out of faith, exhibits the manifestations of faith." [n.2221] Saddhāpadānesu. Mp: "In the manifestation, the characteristics, of persons endowed with faith" (saddhānaṁ puggalānaṁ apadānesu lakkhaṇesu).
"This is the time for it, Blessed One! This is the time for it, Fortunate One! The Blessed One should explain the manifestations of faith. Now I will find out whether or not this bhikkhu exhibits the manifestations of faith."
3"Then listen, Subhūti, and attend closely. I will speak."
"Yes, Bhante," the Venerable Subhūti replied. The Blessed One said this:
4(1) "Here, Subhūti, a bhikkhu is virtuous; he dwells restrained by the Pāṭimokkha, possessed of good conduct and resort, seeing danger in minute faults. Having undertaken the training rules, he trains in them. This is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
5(2) "Again, a bhikkhu has learned much, remembers what he has learned, and accumulates what he has learned. Those teachings that are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, with the right meaning and phrasing, which proclaim the perfectly complete and pure spiritual life—such teachings as these he has learned much of, retained in mind, recited verbally, mentally investigated, and penetrated well by view. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
6(3) "Again, a bhikkhu has good friends, good companions, good comrades. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
7(4) "Again, a bhikkhu is easy to correct and possesses qualities that make him easy to correct; he is patient and receives instruction respectfully. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
(5) "Again, a bhikkhu is skillful and diligent in attending to the diverse chores that are to be done for his fellow monks; he possesses sound judgment about them in order to carry out and arrange them properly. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
(6) "Again, a bhikkhu loves the Dhamma and is pleasing in his assertions, filled with a lofty joy in regard to the Dhamma and discipline. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
10(7) "Again, a bhikkhu has aroused energy for abandoning unwholesome qualities and acquiring wholesome qualities; he is strong, firm in exertion, not casting off the duty of cultivating wholesome qualities. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
11(8) "Again, a bhikkhu gains at will, without trouble or difficulty, the four jhānas that constitute the higher mind and are pleasant dwellings in this very life. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
12(9) "Again, a bhikkhu recollects his manifold past abodes … as in 6:2 §4 … Thus he recollects his manifold past abodes with their aspects and details. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
13(10) "Again, with the divine eye, which is purified and surpasses the human, a bhikkhu sees beings passing away and being reborn, inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, fortunate and unfortunate … as in 6:2 §5 … and he understands how beings fare in accordance with their kamma. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith.
14(11) "Again, with the destruction of the taints, a bhikkhu has realized for himself with direct knowledge, in this very life, the taintless liberation of mind, liberation by wisdom, and having entered upon it, he dwells in it. This, too, is a manifestation of faith in one endowed with faith."
15When this was said, the Venerable Subhūti said to the Blessed One: "Bhante, these manifestations of faith in one endowed with faith that the Blessed One has spoken of are seen in this bhikkhu, and he does exhibit them.
16(1) "This bhikkhu, Bhante, is virtuous … he trains in them.
17(2) "He has learned much … and penetrated well by view.
18(3) "He has good friends, good companions, good comrades.
19(4) "He is easy to correct and possesses qualities that make him easy to correct; he is patient and receives instruction respectfully.
20(5) "He is skillful and diligent … in order to carry out and arrange them properly.
21(6) "He loves the Dhamma … in regard to the Dhamma and discipline.
22(7) "He has aroused energy … not casting off the duty of cultivating wholesome qualities.
23(8) "He gains at will, without trouble or difficulty, the four jhānas … in this very life.
24(9) "He recollects his manifold past abodes … with their aspects and details.
25(10) "He sees beings passing away and being reborn … and he understands how beings fare in accordance with their kamma.
26(11) "With the destruction of the taints, this bhikkhu has realized for himself with direct knowledge, in this very life, the taintless liberation of mind, liberation by wisdom, and having entered upon it, he dwells in it.
"Bhante, these manifestations of faith in one endowed with faith that the Blessed One has spoken of are seen in this bhikkhu, and he does exhibit them."
27"Good, good, Subhūti! In that case, Subhūti, you may dwell together with this bhikkhu Saddha, and when you want to see the Tathāgata, you may bring him along."
1Atha kho āyasmā subhūti saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṁ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho āyasmantaṁ subhūtiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:
"ko nāmāyaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhū"ti?
"Saddho nāmāyaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu, sudattassa upāsakassa putto, saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito"ti.
2"Kacci panāyaṁ, subhūti, saddho bhikkhu sudattassa upāsakassa putto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito sandissati saddhāpadānesū"ti?
"Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo, yaṁ bhagavā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāseyya. Idānāhaṁ jānissāmi yadi vā ayaṁ bhikkhu sandissati saddhāpadānesu yadi vā no"ti.
3"Tena hi, subhūti, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī"ti.
"Evaṁ, bhante"ti kho āyasmā subhūti bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca:
4"Idha, subhūti, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti … pe … samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (1)
5Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo; ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti … pe … diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (2)
6Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (3)
7Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (4)
8Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni tatra dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṁsāya samannāgato alaṁ kātuṁ alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni tatra dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṁsāya samannāgato alaṁ kātuṁ alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (5)
9Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (6)
10Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya, kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadāya thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (7)
11Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (8)
12Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati, seyyathidaṁ – ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṁsampi jātiyo cattārīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṁvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe: ‘amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṁ; tatrāpāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati, seyyathidaṁ – ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo … pe … iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati. Idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (9)
13Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti: ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena … pe … yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hoti. (10)
14Puna caparaṁ, subhūti, bhikkhu āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu āsavānaṁ khayā … pe … sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṁ hotī"ti. (11)
15Evaṁ vutte āyasmā subhūti bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: "yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāsitāni, saṁvijjanti tāni imassa bhikkhuno, ayañca bhikkhu etesu sandissati.
16Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.
17Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo; ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.
18Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko.
19Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu suvaco hoti … pe … anusāsaniṁ.
20Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṁsāya samannāgato alaṁ kātuṁ alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ.
21Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo.
22Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati … pe … thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.
23Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.
24Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati, seyyathidaṁ – ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo … pe … iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati.
25Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena … pe … yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
26Ayaṁ, bhante, bhikkhu āsavānaṁ khayā … pe … sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.
Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāsitāni, saṁvijjanti tāni imassa bhikkhuno, ayañca bhikkhu etesu sandissatī"ti.
27"Sādhu sādhu, subhūti. Tena hi tvaṁ, subhūti, iminā ca saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṁ vihareyyāsi. Yadā ca tvaṁ, subhūti, ākaṅkheyyāsi tathāgataṁ dassanāya, iminā saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṁ upasaṅkameyyāsi tathāgataṁ dassanāyā"ti.
Catutthaṁ.