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Aṅguttara Nikāya - The Numerical Discourses

4: The Book of the Fours

15. Proclamations

1"Bhikkhus, there are these four proclamations of the foremost. What four?

1"Catasso imā, bhikkhave, aggapaññattiyo. Katamā catasso?



(1) "The foremost of those with bodies is Rāhu, lord of the asuras.[n.643] Rāhu is the asura chief who abducts the sun and moon, obviously representing the solar and lunar eclipses. See SN 2:9 –10, I 50–51. (2) The foremost of those who enjoy sensual pleasures is King Mandhātā.[n.644] A primeval king, descended from Mahāsammata, son of Uposatha, and an ancestor of the Sakyans (see DPPN). Mp: "He was reborn among humans when the life span was immeasurable and enjoyed human sense pleasures for a long time, causing a rain of gold to fall whenever he wanted. In the deva world, during the life spans of thirty-six Indras, he enjoyed excellent sensual pleasures." (3) The foremost of those who exercise authority is Māra the Evil One. (4) In this world with its devas, Māra, and Brahmā, among this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its devas and humans, the Tathāgata, the Arahant, the Perfectly Enlightened One is declared foremost. These are the four proclamations of those who are foremost."

Etadaggaṁ, bhikkhave, attabhāvīnaṁ yadidaṁ – rāhu asurindo. Etadaggaṁ, bhikkhave, kāmabhogīnaṁ yadidaṁ – rājā mandhātā. Etadaggaṁ, bhikkhave, ādhipateyyānaṁ yadidaṁ – māro pāpimā. Sadevake, bhikkhave, loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato aggamakkhāyati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho. Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso aggapaññattiyoti.



2Rāhu is the foremost of those with bodies,
Mandhātā, of those enjoying sense pleasures;
Māra is the foremost of rulers,
blazing with power and glory.

2Rāhuggaṁ attabhāvīnaṁ,
mandhātā kāmabhoginaṁ;
Māro ādhipateyyānaṁ,
iddhiyā yasasā jalaṁ.

3In this world together with its devas
above, across, and below,
as far as the world extends,
the Buddha is declared foremost.

3Uddhaṁ tiriyaṁ apācīnaṁ,
yāvatājagatogati;
Sadevakassa lokassa,
buddho aggo pavuccatī"ti.

Pañcamaṁ.