AmbaṭṭhasuttaWith Ambaṭṭha
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—
me → evamme (bj: PTS) | evaṁ → evam (pts)So I have heard.
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena icchānaṅgalaṁ nāma kosalānaṁ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari.
icchānaṅgalaṁ → icchānaṅkalaṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgalaṁ → naṅkala (bj: PTS); icchānaṅkalantipi pāṭho (bj: aṭṭhakathā) | icchānaṅgalannāma → icchānaṅkalaṁ nāma (sya-all: sī.) | Icchānaṅkalaṁ → Bp -galaṁ for -kalaṁ, throughout. (pts note) | cārikaṁ caramāno → cārikañcaramāno (th) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhusaṁghena (ms2005) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhu-saṁghena (pts) | pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi → pañca-mattehi bhikkhu-satehi (pts) | brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari → brāhmaṇa-gāmo tad avasari (pts)At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of five hundred mendicants when he arrived at a village of the Kosalan brahmins named Icchānaṅgala.
Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe.
icchānaṅgale → icchānaṅkale (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkalavanasaṇḍe (pts) | icchānaṅgale → icchānaṅkale (bj: PTS, sabbattha) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkala-vana-saṇḍe (pts)He stayed in a forest near Icchānaṅgala.
1. Pokkharasātivatthu1. The Section on Pokkharasāti
Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ukkaṭṭhaṁ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṁ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṁ sadhaññaṁ rājabhoggaṁ raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṁ rājadāyaṁ brahmadeyyaṁ.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasātī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts1ed) | pasenadinā kosalena → pasenadikosalena (sya-all, pts) | pokkharasāti → pokkharasādi (pts) | pokkharasāti → sādi (bj: sabbattha); pokkharasātīitipi vuccati (bj: aṭṭhakathā) | pasenadinā → pasenadi (bj: PTS); passenadinā (bj: sīmu) | ukkaṭṭhaṁ → pokkharasātī (cck: sī.); pokkharasādi (cck: pī.) | Pokkharasādi → BB -sāti (so SS occasionally and Fausboll at SN p. 112. (pts note) | rāja-bhoggaṁ → Sc bhogyaṁ (as in iv. 2). (pts note) | dinnaṁ → Sdmt dinna-. (pts note) | rājadāyaṁ → Sc dāyādaṁ (as in iv. 1). (pts note) | pasenadinā kosalena → pasenadi-kosalena (pts) | brahmadeyyaṁ → brahma-deyyaṁ (pts)Now at that time the brahmin Pokkharasāti was living in Ukkaṭṭhā. It was a crown property given by King Pasenadi of Kosala, teeming with living creatures, full of hay, wood, water, and grain, a royal park endowed to a brahmin.
Assosi kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādi (pts)Pokkharasāti heard:
“samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṁ anuppatto icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe.
icchānaṅgalaṁ → icchānaṅkalaṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgale → icchānaṅkale (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkalavanasaṇḍe (pts) | cārikaṁ caramāno → cārikañcaramāno (th) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhusaṁghena (ms2005) | sakyaputto sakyakulā → sakya-putto sakya-kulā (pts) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhu-saṁghena (pts) | pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṁ → pañca-mattehi bhikkhu-satehi icchānaṅkalaṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkala-vana-saṇḍe (pts)“It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—has arrived at Icchānaṅgala and is staying in a forest nearby.
Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato—
abbhuggato → See D. ii. 40. (pts note) | evaṁ kalyāṇo → evaṁkalyāṇo (th)He has this good reputation:
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā.’
bhagavā → bhagavāti (sya-all, km) | purisadammasārathi → sārathī (bj: sīmu, syā) | bhagavā → bhagavāti (bj: machasaṁ, syā) | bhagavā → bhagavāti (syā. kaṁ.), uparisoṇadaṇḍasuttādīsupi buddhaguṇakathāyaṁ evameva dissati (cck note) | itipi → iti pi (pts) | sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno → sammā-sambuddho vijjā-caraṇa-sampanno (pts) | lokavidū → loka-vidū (pts) | purisadammasārathi → purisa-damma-sārathi (pts) | devamanussānaṁ → deva-manussānaṁ (pts)‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’
So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.
sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ → sassamaṇa-brāhmaṇiṁ (pts) | sadevamanussaṁ → sadeva-manussaṁ (pts)He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.
So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ, sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.
sabyañjanaṁ → savyañjanaṁ (bj: PTS) | sātthaṁ → Bp satthaṁ. (pts note) | ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ → ādi-kalyāṇaṁ majjhe kalyāṇaṁ pariyosāna-kalyāṇaṁ (pts) | sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ → savyañjanaṁ kevala-paripuṇṇaṁ (pts)He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.
Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī”ti.
tathārūpānaṁ → tathā-rūpānaṁ (pts)It’s good to see such perfected ones.”
2. Ambaṭṭhamāṇava2. The Student Ambaṭṭha
Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ambaṭṭho nāma māṇavo antevāsī hoti ajjhāyako mantadharo tiṇṇaṁ vedānaṁ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṁ sākkharappabhedānaṁ itihāsapañcamānaṁ padako veyyākaraṇo lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo anuññātapaṭiññāto sake ācariyake tevijjake pāvacane:
vedānaṁ → bedānaṁ (mr) | sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṁ → sanighaṇḍuketubhānaṁ (sya-all) | pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (pts) | nāma → (pts) | māṇavo → ambaṭṭho māṇavo (bj: PTS); mānavo (bj: PTS-n) | vedānaṁ → bedānaṁ (cck: ka.) | māṇavo → Scd mānavo, so throughout. (pts note) | sākkhara-ppabhedānaṁ → Bp sakkhara-pabhedānaṁ. (pts note) | sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṁ sākkharappabhedānaṁ itihāsapañcamānaṁ → sanighaṇḍu-keṭubhānaṁ sākkhara-ppabhedānaṁ itihāsa-pañcamānaṁ (pts) | lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu → lokāyata-mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇesu (pts) | anuññātapaṭiññāto → anuññāta-paṭiññāto (pts)Now at that time Pokkharasāti had a student named Ambaṭṭha as his resident pupil. He was one who recited and remembered the hymns, and had mastered in the three Vedas, together with their vocabularies and ritual performance, their phonology and word classification, and the testaments as fifth. He knew them word-by-word, and their grammar. He was well versed in cosmology and the marks of a great man. He had been authorized as a master in his own tutor’s scriptural heritage of the three Vedas with the words:
“yamahaṁ jānāmi taṁ tvaṁ jānāsi;
yamahaṁ → yam ahaṁ (pts)“What I know, you know.
yaṁ tvaṁ jānāsi tamahaṁ jānāmī”ti.
tamahaṁ → tam ahaṁ (pts)And what you know, I know.”
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ āmantesi:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādi (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th)Then Pokkharasāti addressed Ambaṭṭha,
“ayaṁ, tāta ambaṭṭha, samaṇo gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṁ anuppatto icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe.
icchānaṅgalaṁ → icchānaṅkalaṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgale → icchānaṅkale (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkalavanasaṇḍe (pts) | cārikaṁ caramāno → cārikañcaramāno (th) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhusaṁghena (ms2005) | sakyakulā → sakya-kulā (pts) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhu-saṁghena (pts) | pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṁ → pañca-mattehi bhikkhu-satehi icchānaṅkalaṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe → icchānaṅkala-vana-saṇḍe (pts)“Dear Ambaṭṭha, the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—has arrived at Icchānaṅgala and is staying in a forest nearby.
Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato:
bhavantaṁ → MSS. frequently bhagavantaṁ. (pts note) | evaṁ kalyāṇo → evaṁkalyāṇo (th)He has this good reputation …
‘itipi so bhagavā, arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā.
bhagavā → bhagavāti (sya-all)
So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.
So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ, sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.
Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī’ti.
tathārūpānaṁ → tathā-rūpānaṁ (pts)It’s good to see such perfected ones.
Ehi tvaṁ, tāta ambaṭṭha, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ jānāhi, yadi vā taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ tathāsantaṁyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā.
ambaṭṭha → ambaṭṭha māṇava (sya-all) | tenupasaṅkama upasaṅkamitvā → ten upasaṁkama upasaṁkamitvā (pts) | tathāsantaṁyeva → tathā santaṁ yeva (pts)Please, dear Ambaṭṭha, go to the ascetic Gotama and find out whether or not he lives up to his reputation.
Yadi vā so bhavaṁ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso, tathā mayaṁ taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ vedissāmā”ti.
mayaṁ taṁ → mayantaṁ (th)Through you I shall learn about the worthy Gotama.”
“Yathā kathaṁ panāhaṁ, bho, taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ jānissāmi: ‘yadi vā taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ tathāsantaṁyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā. Yadi vā so bhavaṁ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso’”ti?
yathā kathaṁ → yathākathaṁ (th) | tathāsantaṁyeva → tathā santaṁ yeva (pts) | tādisoti → tādiso ti (pts)“But sir, how shall I find out whether or not the ascetic Gotama lives up to his reputation?”
“Āgatāni kho, tāta ambaṭṭha, amhākaṁ mantesu dvattiṁsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveyeva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā.
dveyeva → dveva (bj, sya-all) | dvattiṁsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni (th) | dveyeva → dve va (th) | mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni (pts) | dveyeva → dve (pts)“Dear Ambaṭṭha, the thirty-two marks of a great man have been handed down in our hymns. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.
Sace agāraṁ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato.
cakkavattī → cakkavatti (sya-all, pts) | janapadatthāvariyappatto → janapadaṭṭhāvariyappatto (sya-all) | dhammarājā → dhamma-rājā (pts) | sattaratanasamannāgato → satta-ratana-samannāgato (pts)If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.
Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti.
satta ratanāni → sattaratanāni (bjt) | tassimāni → tass imāni (pts)He has the following seven treasures:
Seyyathidaṁ—cakkaratanaṁ, hatthiratanaṁ, assaratanaṁ, maṇiratanaṁ, itthiratanaṁ, gahapatiratanaṁ, pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṁ.
pariṇāyakaratanameva → parināyakaratanameva (bj) | itthiratanaṁ → itthīratanaṁ (sya-all) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th) | seyyathidaṁ cakkaratanaṁ hatthiratanaṁ assaratanaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ cakka-ratanaṁ hatthi-ratanaṁ assa-ratanaṁ (pts) | itthiratanaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pariṇāyakaratanameva → itthi-ratanaṁ gahapati-ratanaṁ pariṇāyakaratanaṁ eva (pts)the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.
Parosahassaṁ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā.
parosahassaṁ → paro sahassaṁ (pts) | panassa → pan assa (pts) | vīraṅgarūpā → vīraṅga-rūpā (pts)He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.
So imaṁ pathaviṁ sāgarapariyantaṁ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati.
pathaviṁ → paṭhaviṁ (bj, sya-all) | sāgarapariyantaṁ → sāgara-pariyantaṁ (pts)After conquering this land girt by sea, he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.
Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, arahaṁ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
vivaṭṭacchado → vivattacchado (bj, pts) | kho → (sya-all) | vivattacchado → vivittacchaddo (bj: bausasa); vivaṭacchado (bj: syā); vivaṭṭacchado (bj: machasaṁ) | sammāsambuddho → sammā-sambuddho (pts) | vivaṭṭacchado → vivattacchaddo (pts)But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.
Ahaṁ kho pana, tāta ambaṭṭha, mantānaṁ dātā;But, dear Ambaṭṭha, I am the one who gives the hymns,
tvaṁ mantānaṁ paṭiggahetā”ti.
paṭiggahetāti → paṭiggahitāti (sya-all) | paṭiggahetāti → paṭiggahetā ti (pts)and you are the one who receives them.”
“Evaṁ, bho”ti kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā brāhmaṇaṁ pokkharasātiṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā vaḷavārathamāruyha sambahulehi māṇavakehi saddhiṁ yena icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo tena pāyāsi.
māṇavakehi → māṇavehi (bj, sya-all) | pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (pts) | pokkharasātiṁ → pokkharasādiṁ (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo → icchānaṅkalavanasaṇḍo (pts) | māṇavehi → mānavakehi (bj: katthaci) | bhoti → bho ti (pts) | uṭṭhāyāsanā → uṭṭhāy āsanā (pts) | vaḷavārathamāruyha → vaḷavārathaṁ āruyha (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo → icchānaṅkala-vana-saṇḍo (pts)“Yes, worthy sir,” replied Ambaṭṭha. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled Pokkharasāti, keeping him on his right. He mounted a chariot drawn by mares and, together with several young students, set out for the forest near Icchānaṅgala.
Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova ārāmaṁ pāvisi.
pattikova → pattiko va (th, pts)He went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and entered the monastery on foot.
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū abbhokāse caṅkamanti.
abbhokāse → abbhokase (pts)At that time several mendicants were walking mindfully in the open air.
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | tenupasaṅkami upasaṅkamitvā → ten upasaṁkami upasaṁkamitvā (pts) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)Then the student Ambaṭṭha went up to those mendicants and said,
“kahaṁ nu kho, bho, etarahi so bhavaṁ gotamo viharati?
kahaṁ nu → kahannu (bjt)“Good fellows, where is the worthy Gotama at present?
Tañhi mayaṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ dassanāya idhūpasaṅkantā”ti.
idhūpasaṅkantāti → idh upasaṁkantā ti (pts) | tañhi → taṁ hi (bjt, th, pts)For we have come here to see him.”
Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad ahosi (pts)Then those mendicants thought,
“ayaṁ kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo abhiññātakolañño ceva abhiññātassa ca brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa antevāsī.
pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (pts) | abhiññātakolañño ceva → abhiññāta-kolañño eva (pts)“This Ambaṭṭha is from a well-known family, and he is the pupil of the well-known brahmin Pokkharasāti.
Agaru kho pana bhagavato evarūpehi kulaputtehi saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo hotī”ti.
kulaputtehi → kula-puttehi (pts)The Buddha won’t mind having a discussion together with such gentlemen.”
Te ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavocuṁ:
etadavocuṁ → etad avocuṁ (pts)They said to Ambaṭṭha,
“eso, ambaṭṭha, vihāro saṁvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṁ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṁ ākoṭehi, vivarissati te bhagavā dvāran”ti.
āḷindaṁ → ālindaṁ (bj, pts) | aggaḷaṁ → aggalaṁ (pts) | saṁvutadvāro → saṁvuta-dvāro (pts) | appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā → appa-saddo upasaṁkamitvā (pts) | dvāranti → dvāran ti (pts)“Ambaṭṭha, that’s his dwelling, with the door closed. Approach it quietly, without hurrying; go onto the porch, clear your throat, and knock on the door-panel. The Buddha will open the door.”
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena so vihāro saṁvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṁ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṁ ākoṭesi. Vivari bhagavā dvāraṁ.
āḷindaṁ → ālindaṁ (bj, pts) | aggaḷaṁ → aggalaṁ (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th) | saṁvutadvāro → saṁvuta-dvāro (pts) | appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā → appa-saddo upasaṁkamitvā (pts)So he approached the Buddha’s dwelling, cleared his throat and knocked on the door-panel, and the Buddha opened the door.
Pāvisi ambaṭṭho māṇavo. Māṇavakāpi pavisitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
sāraṇīyaṁ → sārāṇīyaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | + → kho (th) | māṇavakāpi → māṇavakā pi (pts)Ambaṭṭha and the young students entered the dwelling. The young students exchanged greetings with the Buddha, and when the greetings and polite conversation were over, sat down to one side.
Ambaṭṭho pana māṇavo caṅkamantopi nisinnena bhagavatā kañci kañci kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāreti, ṭhitopi nisinnena bhagavatā kañci kañci kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāreti.
kañci kañci → kiñci kiñci (csp1ed) | sāraṇīyaṁ → sārāṇīyaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | kañci kañci → kiñci kiñci (cck) | kañci → kiñci kiñci (cck: ka.) | kañci → Bp here and below kiñci kiñci. (pts note) | caṅkamantopi → caṅkamanto pi (pts) | ṭhitopi → ṭhito pi (pts)But while the Buddha was sitting, Ambaṭṭha spoke some polite words or other while walking around or standing.
Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca → ambaṭṭha-māṇavaṁ etad avoca (pts)So the Buddha said to him,
“evaṁ nu te, ambaṭṭha, brāhmaṇehi vuddhehi mahallakehi ācariyapācariyehi saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo hoti, yathayidaṁ caraṁ tiṭṭhaṁ nisinnena mayā kiñci kiñci kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretī”ti?
evaṁ nu → evannu kho (bj) | kiñci kiñci → kañci kañci (bj, sya-all, pts) | sāraṇīyaṁ → sārāṇīyaṁ (bj) | vuddhehi → vuḍḍhehi (sya-all) | sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretīti → sārāṇīyaṁ vītisāresīti (sya-all, pts) | te → kiṇhā (bj: machasaṁ) | te → Scd omit kho; Bp omits te. (pts note) | yathayidaṁ → Sc Bp yathāyidam. (pts note) | sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretīti → sārāṇīyaṁ vītisāretī ti (bjt) | ācariyapācariyehi → ācariya-pācariyehi (pts) | kathāsallāpo → kathā-sallāpo (pts)“Ambaṭṭha, is this how you hold a discussion with elderly and senior brahmins, the tutors of tutors: walking around or standing while I’m sitting, speaking some polite words or other?”
2.1. Paṭhamaibbhavāda2.1. The First Use of the Word “Primitives”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.
Gacchanto vā hi, bho gotama, gacchantena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṁ sallapitumarahati, ṭhito vā hi, bho gotama, ṭhitena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṁ sallapitumarahati, nisinno vā hi, bho gotama, nisinnena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṁ sallapitumarahati, sayāno vā hi, bho gotama, sayānena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṁ sallapitumarahati.
sallapitumarahati → sallapituṁ arahati (pts)For it is proper for one brahmin to converse with another while both are walking, standing, sitting, or lying down.
Ye ca kho te, bho gotama, muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā, tehipi me saddhiṁ evaṁ kathāsallāpo hoti, yathariva bhotā gotamenā”ti.
kaṇhā → kiṇhā (pts1ed, mr) | te → (sya-all) | bandhupādāpaccā → bandhupādapaccā (sya-all) | kaṇhā → kiṇhā (pts) | kaṇhā → kiṇhā (bj: machasaṁ) | kaṇhā → kiṇhā (cck: ka. sī. pī.) | ibbhā → Sc imbhā. (pts note) | kiṇhā → Sc kinhā; Bp kaṇhā (see iii. 2. 5). (pts note) | tehipi → tehi pi (pts) | kathāsallāpo → kathā-sallāpo (pts)But as to these shavelings, fake ascetics, primitives, black spawn from the feet of our kinsman, I converse with them as I do with the worthy Gotama.”
“Atthikavato kho pana te, ambaṭṭha, idhāgamanaṁ ahosi, yāyeva kho panatthāya āgaccheyyātha, tameva atthaṁ sādhukaṁ manasi kareyyātha.
āgaccheyyātha → āgaccheyyātho (bj, pts1ed) | manasi kareyyātha → manasi kareyyātho (bj, pts1ed) | kareyyātha avusitavāyeva → kareyyātho avusitavā yeva (bj) | sādhukaṁ manasi kareyyātha avusitavāyeva → sādhukam manasikareyyātho avusitavā yeva (pts) | kareyyātho → kareyyātha (bj: sīmu) | āgaccheyyātha → āgaccheyyātho (cck: sī. pī.) | kareyyātha → manasikareyyātho (cck: sī. pī.) | āgaccheyyātho → -7 Sct āgaccheyyata tame; Sm Bp āgaccheyyātha. (pts note) | manasikareyyātho → Sc -eyyatothā; St -eyyatho; Bp -eyyātha. See Ed. Muller, p. 110. (pts note) | manasi kareyyātha → manasikareyyātha (th) | idhāgamanaṁ → idh āgamanaṁ (pts) | yāyeva → yāy eva (pts) | panatthāya āgaccheyyātha tameva → pan atthāya āgaccheyyātho taṁ eva (pts)“But Ambaṭṭha, you must have come here for some purpose. You should focus on that.
Avusitavāyeva kho pana, bho, ayaṁ ambaṭṭho māṇavo vusitamānī kimaññatra avusitattā”ti.
bho ayaṁ → (sya-all, pts) | vusitamānī → vāsitavāmānī (bj: sīmu) | vusitavā-mānī → Scmt vusitavātamāni; Sm vusitavatamānī; Bp vusitamāniti. (pts note) | avusitavāyeva → avusitavā yeva (bjt, pts) | vusitamānī kimaññatra avusitattāti → vusitavā-mānī kim aññatra avusitattā ti (pts)Though this Ambaṭṭha is unqualified, he thinks he’s qualified. What is that but lack of qualifications?”
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavatā avusitavādena vuccamāno kupito anattamano bhagavantaṁyeva khuṁsento bhagavantaṁyeva vambhento bhagavantaṁyeva upavadamāno:
upavadamāno → vadamāno (sya-all) | anattamano → Sc repeats kup- anatt-. (pts note) | khuṁsento → Bp khuṅsanto. (pts note) | vambhento → Bp vambhanto. (pts note) | atha kho → athakho (th) | bhagavantaṁyeva → bhagavantaṁ yeva (pts)When he said this, Ambaṭṭha became angry and upset with the Buddha because of being described as unqualified. He even attacked and badmouthed the Buddha himself, saying,
“samaṇo ca me bho gotamo pāpito bhavissatī”ti bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
pāpito → pāpiko (pts) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)“The ascetic Gotama will be worsted!” He said to the Buddha,
“caṇḍā, bho gotama, sakyajāti;
sakyajāti → sakya-jāti (pts)“Worthy Gotama, the Sakyans are rude,
pharusā, bho gotama, sakyajāti;
sakyajāti → sakya-jāti (pts)harsh,
lahusā, bho gotama, sakyajāti;
sakyajāti → sakya-jāti (pts)touchy,
bhassā, bho gotama, sakyajāti;
bhassā → rabhasā (bj, sya-all, pts) | rabhasā → Sct rahasā; Bp bhassā. (pts note) | sakyajāti → sakya-jāti (pts)and argumentative.
ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṁ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyanti.
garuṁ karonti → garukaronti (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) | garuṁ karonti → garukaronti (pts) | karonti → garukaronti (cck: sī. syā. kaṁ. pī.) | garukaronti → Bp garuṁkaronti twice. (pts note)Primitive they are, and primitive they remain! They don’t honor, respect, revere, worship, or venerate brahmins.
Tayidaṁ, bho gotama, nacchannaṁ, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṁ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti.
nappatirūpaṁ → nappaṭirūpaṁ (bj, sya-all) | garuṁ karonti → garukaronti (bj, sya-all, pts) | channaṁ → na ca channaṁ (sya-all: sī.) | nacchannaṁ → na channaṁ (th) | nacchannaṁ → na cchannaṁ (pts) | nappatirūpaṁ → na ppatirūpaṁ (pts)It is neither proper nor appropriate that the Sakyans—primitives that they are—don’t honor, respect, revere, worship, or venerate brahmins.”
Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṁ paṭhamaṁ sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ nipātesi.
sakyesu → sakkesu (bj, pts) | idaṁ → imaṁ (sya-all) | ibbhavādaṁ → ibbhāvādaṁ (sya-all) | itiha → iti ha (pts) | sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ → sakkesu ibbha-vādaṁ (pts)And that’s how Ambaṭṭha denigrated the Sakyans with the word “primitives” for the first time.
2.2. Dutiyaibbhavāda2.2. The Second Use of the Word “Primitives”
“Kiṁ pana te, ambaṭṭha, sakyā aparaddhun”ti?
kiṁ pana → kimpana (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts) | aparaddhunti → aparaddhun ti (pts)“But Ambaṭṭha, how have the Sakyans wronged you?”
“Ekamidāhaṁ, bho gotama, samayaṁ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa kenacideva karaṇīyena kapilavatthuṁ agamāsiṁ.
agamāsiṁ → Bp agamāsi. (pts note) | ekamidāhaṁ → eka midāhaṁ (bjt) | ekamidāhaṁ → ekaṁ idāhaṁ (pts) | kenacideva → kenacid eva (pts)“This one time, worthy Gotama, I went to Kapilavatthu on some business for my tutor, the brahmin Pokkharasāti.
Yena sakyānaṁ sandhāgāraṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁ.
sandhāgāraṁ → santhāgāraṁ (bj); saṇṭhāgāraṁ (sya-all) | sakyānaṁ sandhāgāraṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁ → sakkānaṁ santhāgāraṁ ten upasaṁkamiṁ (pts) | santhāgāraṁ → Bp sandhāgāraṁ. (pts note)I approached the Sakyans in their town hall.
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā sakyā ceva sakyakumārā ca sandhāgāre uccesu āsanesu nisinnā honti aññamaññaṁ aṅgulipatodakehi sañjagghantā saṅkīḷantā, aññadatthu mamaññeva maññe anujagghantā, na maṁ koci āsanenapi nimantesi.
sandhāgāre → santhāgāre (bj, pts1ed) | sandhāgāre → saṇṭhāgāre (sya-all); santhāgāre (pts) | aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | aṅgulipatodakehi → aṅgulipatodakena (pts) | anujagghantā → va anojagghantā (pts) | sandhāgāre → santhāgāre (cck: sī. pī.) | aṅgulipatodakehi → aṅgulipatodakena (cck: pī.) | aṅgulipatodakehi → aṅgulipatodakenātipi pāṭho (sya-all note) | aṅguli-patodakena → Bp patodakehi. (pts note) | anojagghantā → Bp anujagghantā. (pts note) | saṅkīḷantā → saṁkīḷantā (my, bjt) | ceva sakyakumārā → eva sakyā-kumārā (pts) | mamaññeva → mamaṁ yeva (pts) | āsanenapi → āsanena pi (pts)Now at that time several Sakyans and Sakyan princes were sitting on high seats, poking each other with their fingers, giggling and playing together. In fact, they even presumed to giggle at me, and didn’t invite me to a seat.
Tayidaṁ, bho gotama, nacchannaṁ, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṁ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti.
nappatirūpaṁ → nappaṭirūpaṁ (bj, sya-all) | garuṁ karonti → garukaronti (bj, sya-all, pts) | nappatirūpaṁ yadime → na ppaṭirūpaṁ yad ime (pts) | nacchannaṁ → na channaṁ (th) | nacchannaṁ → na cchannaṁ (pts)It is neither proper nor appropriate that the Sakyans—primitives that they are—don’t honor, respect, revere, worship, or venerate brahmins.”
Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṁ dutiyaṁ sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ nipātesi.
sakyesu → sakkesu (bj) | ibbhavādaṁ → ibbhāvādaṁ (sya-all) | sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ → sakkesu ibbhavādam (pts) | itiha → iti ha (pts) | sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ → sakkesu ibbha-vādam (pts)And that’s how Ambaṭṭha denigrated the Sakyans with the word “primitives” for the second time.
2.3. Tatiyaibbhavāda2.3. The Third Use of the Word “Primitives”
“Laṭukikāpi kho, ambaṭṭha, sakuṇikā sake kulāvake kāmalāpinī hoti.
Laṭukikā → St lavukikā; Bp leṭukikā; Sc laṭukākikā. (pts note) | laṭukikāpi → laṭukikā pi (pts)“Even a little quail, Ambaṭṭha, speaks as she likes in her own nest.
Sakaṁ kho panetaṁ, ambaṭṭha, sakyānaṁ yadidaṁ kapilavatthuṁ, nārahatāyasmā ambaṭṭho imāya appamattāya abhisajjitun”ti.
nārahatāyasmā → na arahatāyasmā (sya-all); na arahati yasmā (pts) | arahati → Scmt Bp arahatā. (pts note) | appamattāya → Scdt appattāya. (pts note) | kapilavatthuṁ nārahatāyasmā → kapilavatthu na arahatāyasmā (bjt) | panetaṁ → pan etaṁ (pts) | yadidaṁ → yad idaṁ (pts) | abhisajjitunti → abhisajjitun ti (pts)Kapilavatthu is the Sakyans’ own place, Ambaṭṭha. It’s not worthy of the Venerable Ambaṭṭha to lose his temper over such a small thing.”
“Cattārome, bho gotama, vaṇṇā—
cattārome → cattāro me (pts)“Worthy Gotama, there are these four classes:
khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā.aristocrats, brahmins, peasants, and menials.
Imesañhi, bho gotama, catunnaṁ vaṇṇānaṁ tayo vaṇṇā—
imesañhi → imesaṁ hi (bjt, th, pts)Three of these classes—
khattiyā ca vessā ca suddā ca—aristocrats, peasants, and menials—
aññadatthu brāhmaṇasseva paricārakā sampajjanti.
aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | brāhmaṇasseva → brāhmaṇass eva (pts)in fact succeed only when serving the brahmins.
Tayidaṁ, bho gotama, nacchannaṁ, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṁ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti.
nappatirūpaṁ yadime → nappaṭirūpaṁ yadi me (bj) | garuṁ karonti → garukaronti (bj, sya-all, pts) | nappatirūpaṁ → nappaṭirūpaṁ (sya-all) | nacchannaṁ → na channaṁ (th) | nappatirūpaṁ yadime → na ppatirūpaṁ yad ime (pts)It is neither proper nor appropriate that the Sakyans—primitives that they are—don’t honor, respect, revere, worship, or venerate brahmins.”
Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṁ tatiyaṁ sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ nipātesi.
sakyesu → sakkesu (bj, pts) | ibbhavādaṁ → ibbhāvādaṁ (sya-all) | itiha → iti ha (pts) | sakyesu ibbhavādaṁ → sakkesu ibbha-vādaṁ (pts)And that’s how Ambaṭṭha denigrated the Sakyans with the word “primitives” for the third time.
2.4. Dāsiputtavāda2.4. The Word “Son of a Slavegirl” is Used
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad ahosi (pts)Then it occurred to the Buddha,
“atibāḷhaṁ kho ayaṁ ambaṭṭho māṇavo sakyesu ibbhavādena nimmādeti, yannūnāhaṁ gottaṁ puccheyyan”ti.
sakyesu → sakkesu (bj, pts) | nimmādeti → nimmāneti (bj) | nimmādeti yannūnāhaṁ → nimmadeti yan nūnāhaṁ (pts) | nimmāneti → nimmādeti (bj: katthaci) | Sakkesu → Bp Sakyesu. (pts note) | nimmadeti → Scm nimmāddeti; Bp nimpādeti nipātesi. (pts note) | yannūnāhaṁ → yaṁnūnāhaṁ (my) | ibbhavādena nimmādeti → ibbhāvādena nimmadeti (th) | sakyesu ibbhavādena nimmādeti yannūnāhaṁ → sakkesu ibbha-vādena nimmadeti yan nūnāhaṁ (pts) | puccheyyanti → puccheyyan ti (pts)“This Ambaṭṭha puts the Sakyans down way too much by calling them primitives. Why don’t I ask him about his own clan?”
Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)So the Buddha said to him,
“kathaṁ gottosi, ambaṭṭhā”ti?
ambaṭṭhāti → ambaṭṭhā ti (bjt) | kathaṁ gottosi → kathaṁgottosi (th) | kathaṁ gottosi → kathaṁgotto si (pts)“What is your clan, Ambaṭṭha?”
“Kaṇhāyanohamasmi, bho gotamā”ti.
kaṇhāyanohamasmi → kaṇhāyano haṁ asmi (pts)“I am a Kaṇhāyana, worthy Gotama.”
“Porāṇaṁ kho pana te, ambaṭṭha, mātāpettikaṁ nāmagottaṁ anussarato ayyaputtā sakyā bhavanti; dāsiputto tvamasi sakyānaṁ.
anussarato → Sct assarato; Bp anussārato. (pts note) | nāmagottaṁ → nāma gottaṁ (th) | ayyaputtā → ayya-puttā (pts) | dāsiputto tvamasi → dāsi-putto tvaṁ asi (pts)“But, recollecting the ancient name and clan of your mother and father, the Sakyans were the children of the masters, while you’re descended from the son of a slavegirl of the Sakyans.
Sakyā kho pana, ambaṭṭha, rājānaṁ okkākaṁ pitāmahaṁ dahanti.
okkākaṁ → ukkākaṁ (sya-all) | ukkākaṁ → okkākaṁ (sya-all: sī.) | dahanti → dissanti (sya-all: sī.) | dahanti → SS dissanti. (pts note) | pana → pan (pts)But the Sakyans regard King Okkāka as their grandfather.
Bhūtapubbaṁ, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko yā sā mahesī piyā manāpā, tassā puttassa rajjaṁ pariṇāmetukāmo jeṭṭhakumāre raṭṭhasmā pabbājesi—
okkāko → ukkāko (sya-all) | bhūtapubbaṁ → bhūta-pubbaṁ (pts) | jeṭṭhakumāre → jeṭṭha-kumāre (pts)Once upon a time, King Okkāka, wishing to divert the royal succession to the son of his most beloved queen, banished the elder princes from the realm—
okkāmukhaṁ karakaṇḍaṁ hatthinikaṁ sinisūraṁ.
karakaṇḍaṁ → karakaṇḍuṁ (sya-all); karaṇḍuṁ (pts1ed) | sinisūraṁ → nipuraṁ (bj); sinipuraṁ (sya-all); sīnipuraṁ (pts1ed) | okkāmukhaṁ → ukkāmukhaṁ (bj, sya-all) | ukkāmukhaṁ → ekāmukhaṁ (bj: katthaci) | karakaṇḍaṁ → karakaṇḍuṁ (bj: katthaci) | nipuraṁ → sinipuraṁ (bj: bausasa); sinipuraṁ (bj: PTS) | karakaṇḍaṁ → ukkāmukhaṁ karakaṇḍuṁ (cck: sī. syā.) | sinisūraṁ → sinipuraṁ (cck: sī. syā.) | Okkāmukhaṁ → Bp Ukkāmukhaṁ. (pts note) | Karaṇḍuṁ → Bp Karakaṇḍaṁ. (pts note) | Sīnipuraṁ → Sc Hatthinisiyāsīnipuran; Sm Hatthiniyāsīnīpuraṁ; Sdt Hatthiniyāsinipuraṁ; Bp Hatthinikāsinisūraṁ. (pts note)Okkāmukha, Karakaṇḍa, Hatthinika, and Sinisūra.
Te raṭṭhasmā pabbājitā himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahāsākasaṇḍo, tattha vāsaṁ kappesuṁ.
mahāsākasaṇḍo → mahāsākavanasaṇḍo (sya-all) | pabbājitā → pabbājitā yattha (pts) | himavantapasse → yattha himavanta-passe (pts) | mahāsākasaṇḍo → mahā sāka-saṇḍo (pts)They made their home beside a lotus pond on the slopes of the Himalayas, where there was a large grove of sakhua trees.
Te jātisambhedabhayā sakāhi bhaginīhi saddhiṁ saṁvāsaṁ kappesuṁ.
jātisambhedabhayā → jāti-sambheda-bhayā (pts)For fear of breaking their line of birth, they slept with their own (saka) sisters.
Atha kho, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko amacce pārisajje āmantesi:
okkāko → ukkāko (sya-all) | atha kho → athakho (th)Then King Okkāka addressed his ministers and councillors,
‘kahaṁ nu kho, bho, etarahi kumārā sammantī’ti?
kahaṁ nu → kahannu (bjt)‘Where, sirs, have the princes settled now?’
‘Atthi, deva, himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahāsākasaṇḍo, tatthetarahi kumārā sammanti.
mahāsākasaṇḍo → mahāsākavanasaṇḍo (sya-all) | sāka-saṇḍo → Bp sākavana-saṇḍo (twice). (pts note) | himavantapasse → himavanta-passe (pts) | mahāsākasaṇḍo tatthetarahi → mahā sāka-saṇḍo tatth etarahi (pts)‘Your Majesty, there is a lotus pond on the slopes of the Himalayas, by a large grove of sakhua trees. They’ve settled there.
Te jātisambhedabhayā sakāhi bhaginīhi saddhiṁ saṁvāsaṁ kappentī’ti.
jātisambhedabhayā → jātisambheda-bhayā (pts)For fear of breaking their line of birth, they are sleeping with their own sisters.’
Atha kho, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko udānaṁ udānesi:
okkāko → ukkāko (sya-all) | atha kho → athakho (th)Then, Ambaṭṭha, King Okkāka expressed this heartfelt sentiment:
‘sakyā vata, bho, kumārā, paramasakyā vata, bho, kumārā’ti.
paramasakyā → parama-sakyā (pts) | kumārāti → kumārā ti (pts)‘The princes are indeed Sakyans! The princes are indeed the best Sakyans!’
Tadagge kho pana, ambaṭṭha, sakyā paññāyanti; so ca nesaṁ pubbapuriso.
so ca → sova (bj) | nesaṁ → sakyānaṁ (sya-all) | ca nesaṁ → va sakyānaṁ (pts) | so’va → soca (bj: sīmu) | pana → Sd Bp pan'; (always). (pts note) | Sakyānaṁ → Bp so ca nesaṁ(as in Sum.). (pts note) | ca nesaṁ pubbapuriso → va sakyānaṁ pubba-puriso (pts)From that day on the Sakyans were recognized and he was their founder.
Rañño kho pana, ambaṭṭha, okkākassa disā nāma dāsī ahosi.
rañño → rañño ca (bj) | okkākassa → ukkākassa (sya-all) | nāma → Sc Scmt nāmasā. (pts note)Now, King Okkāka had a slavegirl named Disā.
Sā kaṇhaṁ nāma janesi.
kaṇhaṁ nāma → sā kaṇhaṁ (pts1ed) | nāma → (pts) | kaṇhaṁ → kaṇaṁ (bj: sīmu) | nāma → sā kaṇhaṁ (cck: pī.) | kaṇhaṁ → Bp adds nāma. (pts note)She gave birth to a boy named Black.
Jāto kaṇho pabyāhāsi:
pabyāhāsi dhovatha → paccābhāsi dhopetha (pts) | paccābhāsi → Sc paccabhāsi; Bp paccākāsi. (pts note)When he was born, Black Boy said:
‘dhovatha maṁ, amma, nahāpetha maṁ amma, imasmā maṁ asucismā parimocetha, atthāya vo bhavissāmī’ti.
maṁ → maṁ amma (bj, sya-all, pts) | nahāpetha → nhāpetha (sya-all) | vo → te (sya-all) | te → votipi pāṭho (sya-all note) | Dhopetha → Sd posetha; Bp dhovatha. (pts note) | parimocetha → St parimoca. (pts note)‘Wash me, mum, bathe me! Get this filth off of me! I will be useful for you!’
Yathā kho pana, ambaṭṭha, etarahi manussā pisāce disvā ‘pisācā’ti sañjānanti;
disvā → (sya-all) | disvā pisācāti → pisācā ti (pts) | pisāce → Sd Bp pisāce disvā. (pts note)Whereas these days when people see goblins they recognize them as goblins,
evameva kho, ambaṭṭha, tena kho pana samayena manussā pisāce ‘kaṇhā’ti sañjānanti.
kho pana → (bj, pts) | kaṇhāti → pi kaṇhā ti (pts) | pi → Bp omits pi. (pts note) | evameva → evam eva (pts)in those days they recognized goblins as ‘blackboys’.
Te evamāhaṁsu:
evamāhaṁsu → evam āhaṁsu (pts)They said:
‘ayaṁ jāto pabyāhāsi, kaṇho jāto, pisāco jāto’ti.
jāto pabyāhāsi → sañjāto paccābhāsi (pts) | sañjāto → Bp jāto. (pts note) | paccābhāsi → Sc paccayābhāsi; Bp paccākāsi. (pts note) | jātoti → jāto ti (pts)‘He spoke as soon as he was born—a blackboy is born! A goblin is born!’
Tadagge kho pana, ambaṭṭha, kaṇhāyanā paññāyanti, so ca kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapuriso.
Tadagge → Sct etadagge. (pts note) | pubbapuriso → pubba-puriso (pts)From that day on the Kaṇhāyanas were proclaimed, and he was their founder.
Iti kho te, ambaṭṭha, porāṇaṁ mātāpettikaṁ nāmagottaṁ anussarato ayyaputtā sakyā bhavanti, dāsiputto tvamasi sakyānan”ti.
nāmagottaṁ → nāma gottaṁ (th) | nāmagottaṁ → nāma-gottaṁ (pts) | ayyaputtā → ayya-puttā (pts) | dāsiputto tvamasi sakyānanti → dāsi-putto tvam asi sakyānan ti (pts)That’s how, recollecting the ancient name and clan of your mother and father, the Sakyans were the children of the masters, while you’re descended from the son of a slavegirl of the Sakyans.”
Evaṁ vutte, te māṇavakā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:
te → Bp Sc omit te. (pts note)When he said this, those young students said to him,
“mā bhavaṁ gotamo ambaṭṭhaṁ atibāḷhaṁ dāsiputtavādena nimmādesi.
ambaṭṭhaṁ → ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | nimmādesi → nimmānesi (bj) | gotamo → gotama (pts) | dāsiputtavādena → dāsi-putta-vādena (pts)“Worthy Gotama, please don’t put Ambaṭṭha down too much by calling him the son of a slavegirl.
Sujāto ca, bho gotama, ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṁ asmiṁ vacane paṭimantetun”ti.
paṭimantetunti atha kho → patimantetunti athakho (sya-all) | paṭimantetunti → patimantetun ti (pts) | kalyāṇa-vākkaraṇo → Bp vakkaraṇo here and below. (pts note) | bhotā → Scmt Bp bho; Sd go (but see 19). (pts note) | patimantetun → Bp paṭi- (twice). (pts note) | kulaputto → kula-putto (pts) | bahussuto ca → bahussutoca (pts)He’s well-born, a gentleman, learned, who enunciates well, and is astute. He is capable of debating with the worthy Gotama about this.”
Atha kho bhagavā te māṇavake etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)So the Buddha said to them,
“sace kho tumhākaṁ māṇavakānaṁ evaṁ hoti:
māṇavakā → Bp māṇavakānaṁ. (pts note)“Well, young students, if you think that
‘dujjāto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, akulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, appassuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, akalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, duppañño ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, na ca pahoti ambaṭṭho māṇavo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṁ asmiṁ vacane paṭimantetun’ti, tiṭṭhatu ambaṭṭho māṇavo, tumhe mayā saddhiṁ mantavho asmiṁ vacane.
mantavho → mantayavho (bj) | paṭimantetunti → patimantetunti (sya-all, pts) | māṇavo → māṇāvo (pts) | mantayavho → mantavhe (bj: machasaṁ) | mantavho → -1 Scm mantabbo St mantabhe, and omit asmiṁ vacane; Sd mantamho (see iv. 18). (pts note) | akulaputto → akula-putto (pts) | akalyāṇavākkaraṇo → akalyāṇa-vākkaraṇo (pts) | paṭimantetunti → patimantetun ti (pts)Ambaṭṭha is ill-born, not a gentleman, unlearned, a poor speaker, witless, and not capable of debating with me about this, then leave him aside and you can debate with me.
Sace pana tumhākaṁ māṇavakānaṁ evaṁ hoti:
māṇavakā → Bp māṇavakānaṁ. (pts note)But if you think that
‘sujāto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṁ asmiṁ vacane paṭimantetun’ti, tiṭṭhatha tumhe;
paṭimantetunti → patimantetunti (sya-all, pts) | asmiṁ → (pts) | tiṭṭhatha → Sct tiṭṭhapetha. (pts note) | kulaputto → kula-putto (pts) | kalyāṇavākkaraṇo → kalyāṇa-vākkaraṇo (pts) | paṭimantetunti → patimantetun ti (pts)he’s well-born, a gentleman, learned, who enunciates well, is astute, and is capable of debating with me about this, then you should stand aside and let him debate with me.”
ambaṭṭho māṇavo mayā saddhiṁ paṭimantetū”ti.
paṭimantetūti → asmiṁ vacane patimantetūti (sya-all); mantetūti (pts) | mantetūti → Bp paṭimantetūti. (pts note)
“Sujāto ca, bho gotama, ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṁ asmiṁ vacane paṭimantetuṁ, tuṇhī mayaṁ bhavissāma, ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṁ asmiṁ vacane paṭimantetū”ti.
paṭimantetuṁ → patimantetuṁ (sya-all, pts) | paṭimantetūti atha kho → patimantetūti athakho (sya-all) | bhotā → samaṇena (pts) | paṭimantetūti → patimantetūti (pts) | samaṇena → Bp bhotā. (pts note) | bhotā → Sc bho (as before, 17). (pts note) | kalyāṇavākkaraṇo → kalyāṇa-vākkaraṇo (pts)“He is capable of debating you. We will be silent, and let Ambaṭṭha debate with the worthy Gotama about this.”
Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)So the Buddha said to Ambaṭṭha,
“ayaṁ kho pana te, ambaṭṭha, sahadhammiko pañho āgacchati, akāmā byākātabbo.
akāmā byākātabbo → akāmāpi vyākātabbo (bj) | akāmā → akāmāpi (sya-all)“Well, Ambaṭṭha, there’s a legitimate question that comes up. You won’t like it, but you ought to answer anyway.
Sace tvaṁ na byākarissasi, aññena vā aññaṁ paṭicarissasi, tuṇhī vā bhavissasi, pakkamissasi vā ettheva te sattadhā muddhā phalissati.
paṭicarissasi → paticarissasi (sya-all) | tvaṁ → (pts) | tuṇhī → tuṇhi (pts) | na → Sct pana; Bp tvaṁ na. (pts note) | sattadhā → Sd Bp omit te s-. (pts note) | byākarissasi → vyākarissasi (bjt, pts) | ettheva → etth eva (pts)If you fail to answer—by dodging the issue, remaining silent, or leaving—your head will explode into seven pieces right here.
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ → kim (pts)What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
kinti te sutaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ vuddhānaṁ mahallakānaṁ ācariyapācariyānaṁ bhāsamānānaṁ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapuriso”ti?
vuddhānaṁ → vuḍḍhānaṁ (sya-all) | kutopabhutikā → kutopabhūtikā (sya-all) | pubbapurisoti → pubbapuriso ti (bjt) | kinti → kin ti (pts) | brāhmaṇānaṁ → brāhmaṇānam (pts) | ācariyapācariyānaṁ → ācariya-pācariyānaṁ (pts) | kutopabhutikā → kuto pabhutikā (pts) | pubbapurisoti → pubba-puriso ti (pts)According to what you have heard from elderly and senior brahmins, the tutors of tutors, what is the origin of the Kaṇhāyanas, and who is their founder?”
Evaṁ vutte, ambaṭṭho māṇavo tuṇhī ahosi.When he said this, Ambaṭṭha kept silent.
Dutiyampi kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
dutiyampi → dutiyam pi (pts) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)For a second time, the Buddha put the question,
“taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, kinti te sutaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ vuddhānaṁ mahallakānaṁ ācariyapācariyānaṁ bhāsamānānaṁ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapuriso”ti?
vuddhānaṁ → vuḍḍhānaṁ (sya-all) | kutopabhutikā → kutopabhūtikā (sya-all) | kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | pubbapurisoti → pubbapuriso ti (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts) | kinti → kin ti (pts) | brāhmaṇānaṁ → brāhmaṇānam (pts) | pubbapurisoti → pubba-puriso ti (pts)
Dutiyampi kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo tuṇhī ahosi.
dutiyampi → dutiyam pi (pts)and for a second time Ambaṭṭha kept silent.
Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
etadavoca byākarohi dāni → etad avoca vyākarohi idāni (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th)So the Buddha said to him,
“byākarohi dāni, ambaṭṭha, na dāni, te tuṇhībhāvassa kālo.
byākarohi → vyākarohi (bjt) | na dāni → nadāni (bjt, th) | byākarohi dāni → byākarohidāni (th) | byākarohi dāni → vyākarohi idāni (pts) | dāni te tuṇhībhāvassa → dānite tuṇhī-bhāvassa (pts)“Answer now, Ambaṭṭha. Now is not the time for silence.
Yo kho, ambaṭṭha, tathāgatena yāvatatiyakaṁ sahadhammikaṁ pañhaṁ puṭṭho na byākaroti, etthevassa sattadhā muddhā phalissatī”ti.
phalissatīti → phalissati (bj) | tatiyakaṁ → Bp tatiyaṁ (twice). (pts note) | byākaroti → vyākaroti (bjt) | yāvatatiyakaṁ → yāva tatiyakaṁ (pts) | byākaroti etthevassa → vyākaroti etth ev assa (pts)If someone fails to answer a legitimate question when asked three times by the Buddha, their head explodes into seven pieces there and then.”
Tena kho pana samayena vajirapāṇī yakkho mahantaṁ ayokūṭaṁ ādāya ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa upari vehāsaṁ ṭhito hoti:
sajotibhūtaṁ → saṁjotibhūtaṁ (sya-all) | vajirapāṇī → vajirapāṇi (bj, sya-all) | vehāsaṁ ṭhito → vehāsaṭṭhito (pts) | sajotibhūtaṁ → sañjotibhūtaṁ (cck: syā.) | vehāsaṭṭhito → Bp vehāse dhito. (pts note) | upari vehāsaṁ → uparivehāsaṁ (bjt, th) | ayokūṭaṁ → ayo-kūṭaṁ (pts) | sajotibhūtaṁ → sajoti-bhūtaṁ (pts)Now at that time the spirit Vajirapāṇī, holding a massive iron spear, burning, blazing, and glowing, stood in the air above Ambaṭṭha, thinking,
“sacāyaṁ ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavatā yāvatatiyakaṁ sahadhammikaṁ pañhaṁ puṭṭho na byākarissati, etthevassa sattadhā muddhaṁ phālessāmī”ti.
byākarissati → vyākarissati (bjt) | yāvatatiyakaṁ → yāva tatiyakaṁ (pts) | byākarissati etthevassa → vyākarissati etth ev assa (pts)“If this Ambaṭṭha doesn’t answer when asked a third time, I’ll blow his head into seven pieces there and then!”
Taṁ kho pana vajirapāṇiṁ yakkhaṁ bhagavā ceva passati ambaṭṭho ca māṇavo.
ceva → eva (pts)And both the Buddha and Ambaṭṭha could see Vajirapāṇī.
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhīto saṁviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto bhagavantaṁyeva tāṇaṁ gavesī bhagavantaṁyeva leṇaṁ gavesī bhagavantaṁyeva saraṇaṁ gavesī upanisīditvā bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
tāṇaṁ gavesī → tāṇagavesī (bj) | leṇaṁ gavesī → leṇagavesī (bj) | gavesī → gavesi (sya-all) | māṇavo → māṇavo taṁ disvā (pts) | saraṇaṁ gavesī → saraṇagavesī (bjt) | atha kho → athakho (th) | lomahaṭṭhajāto bhagavantaṁyeva → loma-haṭṭha-jāto bhagavantaṁ yeva (pts) | bhagavantaṁyeva leṇaṁ → bhagavantaṁ yevaleṇaṁ (pts) | bhagavantaṁyeva → bhagavantaṁ yeva (pts) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)Ambaṭṭha was terrified, shocked, and awestruck. Looking to the Buddha for shelter, asylum, and refuge, he sat down close by the Buddha and said,
“kimetaṁ bhavaṁ gotamo āha?
kimetaṁ → kiṁ me taṁ (bj, mr) | kimetaṁ → kiṁ me taṁ (cck: ka.) | kimetaṁ → kiṁ etaṁ (pts)“What did you say?
Punabhavaṁ gotamo bravitū”ti.
bravitū”ti → brūtūti (sya-all); brūmetūti (pts1ed) | bravitūti → bravītūti (bj); brūtūti (sya-all); brūmetūti (pts) | bravitū’’ti → brūtu (cck: syā.) | brūmetūti → Bp bravitu ti. (pts note) | punabhavaṁ → puna bhavaṁ (bjt, th, pts)Please repeat the question.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
kinti te sutaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ vuddhānaṁ mahallakānaṁ ācariyapācariyānaṁ bhāsamānānaṁ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapuriso”ti?
vuddhānaṁ → vuḍḍhānaṁ (sya-all) | kutopabhutikā → kutopabhūtikā (sya-all) | kutopabhutikā → kutoppabhutikā (bjt) | pubbapurisoti → pubbapuriso ti (bjt) | kinti → kin ti (pts) | ācariyapācariyānaṁ → ācariya-pācariyānaṁ (pts) | kutopabhutikā → kuto-pabhutikā (pts) | kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapurisoti → kaṇhayanānaṁ pubba-puriso ti (pts)According to what you have heard from elderly and senior brahmins, the tutors of tutors, what is the origin of the Kaṇhāyanas, and who is their founder?”
“Evameva me, bho gotama, sutaṁ yatheva bhavaṁ gotamo āha.
me → (sya-all) | yatheva → yadeva (sya-all) | me → Sdt Bp omit me. (pts note) | bhavaṁ → Scm bho. (pts note) | evameva → evam eva (pts) | yatheva → yath eva (pts)“I have heard, worthy Gotama, that it is just as you say.
Tatopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā;
tatopabhutikā → tatopabhūtikā (sya-all) | tatopabhutikā → tatoppabhutikā (bjt) | tatopabhutikā → tato-pabhutikā (pts)That’s the origin of the Kaṇhāyanas,
so ca kaṇhāyanānaṁ pubbapuriso”ti.
pubbapurisoti → pubba-puriso ti (pts)and that’s who their founder is.”
2.5. Ambaṭṭhavaṁsakathā2.5. The Discussion of Ambaṭṭha’s Heritage
Evaṁ vutte, te māṇavakā unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā ahesuṁ:
uccāsaddamahāsaddā → uccāsaddā mahāsaddā (sya-all, pts) | te → (pts) | uccāsaddamahāsaddā → uccā-saddā mahāsaddā (pts)When he said this, those young students made an uproar,
“dujjāto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo; akulaputto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo; dāsiputto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo sakyānaṁ. Ayyaputtā kira, bho, ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa sakyā bhavanti.
akulaputto → akula-putto (pts) | dāsiputto → dāsi-putto (pts) | ayyaputtā → ayya-puttā (pts)“It turns out Ambaṭṭha is ill-born, not a gentleman, son of a Sakyan slavegirl, and that the Sakyans are sons of his masters!
Dhammavādiṁyeva kira mayaṁ samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ apasādetabbaṁ amaññimhā”ti.
dhammavādiṁyeva → dhammavādīyeva (sya-all) | dhammavādīyeva → dhammavādiññeva (sya-all: sī.) | apasādetabbaṁ → Bp apasāretabbaṁ. (pts note) | dhammavādiṁyeva → dhammavādiṁ yeva (bjt) | dhammavādiṁyeva → dhamma-vādiṁ yeva (pts)And it seems that the ascetic Gotama spoke only the truth, though we presumed to rebuke him!”
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad ahosi (pts)Then it occurred to the Buddha,
“atibāḷhaṁ kho ime māṇavakā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ dāsiputtavādena nimmādenti, yannūnāhaṁ parimoceyyan”ti.
nimmādenti → nimmānenti (bj) | yannūnāhaṁ → yaṁnūnāhaṁ (my) | dāsiputtavādena → dāsi-putta-vādena (pts) | yannūnāhaṁ parimoceyyanti → yan nūnāham parimoceyyan ti (pts)“These young students put Ambaṭṭha down too much by calling him the son of a slavegirl. Why don’t I get him out of this?”
Atha kho bhagavā te māṇavake etadavoca:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)So the Buddha said to the young students,
“mā kho tumhe, māṇavakā, ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ atibāḷhaṁ dāsiputtavādena nimmādetha.
nimmādetha → nimmānetha (bj) | māṇavaṁ → māṇavakaṁ (sya-all) | dāsiputtavādena → dāsi-putta-vādena (pts)“Young students, please don’t put Ambaṭṭha down too much by calling him the son of a slavegirl.
Uḷāro so kaṇho isi ahosi.
uḷāro → uḷāro ca (sya-all) | isi → Sc itthi. (pts note)That Black Boy was an eminent seer.
So dakkhiṇajanapadaṁ gantvā brahmamante adhīyitvā rājānaṁ okkākaṁ upasaṅkamitvā maddarūpiṁ dhītaraṁ yāci.
dakkhiṇajanapadaṁ → dakkhiṇaṁ janapadaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | brahmamante → brahme mante (bj) | maddarūpiṁ → maṭṭharūpiṁ (bj); khuddarūpiṁ (pts) | adhīyitvā → adhiyitvā (sya-all) | okkākaṁ upasaṅkamitvā maddarūpiṁ → ukkākaṁ upasaṅkamitvāmaddarūpiṁ (sya-all) | brahmamante adhīyitvā → brahme mante adhiyitvā (pts) | maṭṭharūpiṁ → maddarūpiṁ (bj: machasaṁ) | upasaṅkamitvāmaddarūpiṁ → khuddarūpiṁ (sya-all: sī.) | Okkākaṁ → Bp adds upasaṁkami. (pts note) | Khuddarūpiṁ → Sct the third time Muddarūpiṁ; Sd thrice Muddarūpaṁ; Bp thrice Maddarupi. (pts note) | upasaṅkamitvā maddarūpiṁ → upasaṁkamitvā khuddarūpiṁ (pts)He went to a southern country and memorized the Divine Spell. Then he approached King Okkāka and asked for the hand of his daughter Maddarūpī.
Tassa rājā okkāko:
okkāko → ukkāko (th)The king said to him,
‘ko nevaṁ re ayaṁ mayhaṁ dāsiputto samāno maddarūpiṁ dhītaraṁ yācatī’ti, kupito anattamano khurappaṁ sannayhi.
sannayhi → sannahi (mr) | maddarūpiṁ → maṭṭharūpiṁ (bj); khuddarūpiṁ (pts) | nevaṁ re → neva rem (pts) | mayhaṁ → (pts) | sannayhi → sannahi (cck: ka.) | ayaṁ → Bp ko nevaṁ re ayaṁ; Sd mayhaṁ. (pts note) | sannayhi → Sd sannayihi; St Bp sannahi. (pts note) | yācatīti → yācatī ti (my) | ko nevaṁ re ayaṁ → nevare (th) | mayhaṁ dāsiputto → dāsi-putto (pts)‘Who the hell is this son of a slavegirl to ask for the hand of my daughter!’ Angry and upset he fastened a razor-tipped arrow.
So taṁ khurappaṁ neva asakkhi muñcituṁ, no paṭisaṁharituṁ.
paṭisaṁharituṁ atha kho → patisaṁharituṁ athakho (sya-all) | neva → n eva (pts)But he wasn’t able to either shoot it or to relax it.
Atha kho, māṇavakā, amaccā pārisajjā kaṇhaṁ isiṁ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṁ:
atha kho → athakho (th) | upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṁ → upasaṁkamitvā etad avocuṁ (pts)Then the ministers and councillors approached the seer Black Boy and said:
‘sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño;
bhaddante → bhadante (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) | bhaddante → bhadante (cck: sī. syā.)‘Spare the king, sir,
sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño’ti.
bhaddante → bhadante (bjt, th, pts) | raññoti → rañño ti (pts)spare him!’
‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño, api ca rājā yadi adho khurappaṁ muñcissati, yāvatā rañño vijitaṁ, ettāvatā pathavī undriyissatī’ti.
pathavī undriyissatīti → paṭhavī udrīyissatīti (bj); paṭhavī udiyissatīti (sya-all); paṭhaviṁ udrīyissatīti (pts) | api ca → apica (th)‘The king will be safe. But if he shoots the arrow downwards, there will be an earthquake across the entire realm.’
‘Sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño, sotthi janapadassā’ti.
bhaddante → bhadante (bjt, th, pts)‘Spare the king, sir, and spare the country!’
‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño, sotthi janapadassa, api ca rājā yadi uddhaṁ khurappaṁ muñcissati, yāvatā rañño vijitaṁ, ettāvatā satta vassāni devo na vassissatī’ti.
satta vassāni → sattavassāni (bjt) | api ca → apica (th)‘Both king and country will be safe. But if he shoots the arrow upwards, the heavens will not rain in the entire realm for seven years.’
‘Sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño sotthi janapadassa devo ca vassatū’ti.
ca vassatūti → pavassatūti (sya-all) | bhaddante → bhadante (bjt, th, pts)‘Spare the king, sir, spare the country, and let the heavens rain!’
‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño sotthi janapadassa devo ca vassissati, api ca rājā jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṁ patiṭṭhāpetu, sotthi kumāro pallomo bhavissatī’ti.
ca vassissati api ca → pavassissati apica (sya-all) | patiṭṭhāpetu → paṭiṭṭhāpetu (pts) | sotthi kumāro → sotthikumāro (th) | jeṭṭhakumāre → jeṭṭha-kumāre (pts)‘Both king and country will be safe, and the heavens rain will rain. And if the king shoots the crown prince with an arrow, he will be safe and unruffled.’
Atha kho, māṇavakā, amaccā okkākassa ārocesuṁ:
amaccā okkākassa ārocesuṁ okkāko → rājā ukkāko (sya-all) | atha kho → athakho (th)So the ministers said to Okkāka:
‘okkāko jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṁ patiṭṭhāpetu. Sotthi kumāro pallomo bhavissatī’ti.
okkāko → devo (bj) | patiṭṭhāpetu sotthi kumāro → patiṭṭhāpesi sotthikumāro (sya-all) | jeṭṭhakumāre → jeṭṭha-kumāre (pts)‘Okkāka must shoot the crown prince with an arrow. He will be safe and unruffled.’
Atha kho rājā okkāko jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṁ patiṭṭhapesi, sotthi kumāro pallomo samabhavi.
patiṭṭhapesi → patiṭṭhāpesi (bj, pts) | samabhavi → bhavi (bj); sambhavi (pts) | atha kho → athakho māṇavakā (sya-all) | okkāko → ukkāko (sya-all) | patiṭṭhapesi sotthi kumāro → patiṭṭhāpesi sotthikumāro (sya-all)So King Okkāka shot the crown prince with an arrow. And he was safe and unruffled.
Atha kho tassa rājā okkāko bhīto saṁviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto brahmadaṇḍena tajjito maddarūpiṁ dhītaraṁ adāsi.
maddarūpiṁ → maṭṭharūpiṁ (bj); khuddarūpiṁ (pts) | atha kho → (sya-all) | okkāko → ukkāko (sya-all) | saṁviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto → (sya-all, pts) | bhīto → Bp adds saṁviggo loma-hāttha-jāto. (pts note)Then the king was terrified, shocked, and awestruck. Scared by the divine punishment, he gave the hand of his daughter Maddarūpī.
Mā kho tumhe, māṇavakā, ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ atibāḷhaṁ dāsiputtavādena nimmādetha, uḷāro so kaṇho isi ahosī”ti.
nimmādetha → nimmānetha (bj) | ahosīti → ahosi (bj) | dāsiputtavādena → dāsiputta-vādena (pts)Young students, please don’t put Ambaṭṭha down too much by calling him the son of a slavegirl. That Black Boy was an eminent seer.”
3. Khattiyaseṭṭhabhāva3. The Supremacy of the Aristocrats
Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ āmantesi:
atha kho → athakho (th)Then the Buddha addressed Ambaṭṭha,
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
idha khattiyakumāro brāhmaṇakaññāya saddhiṁ saṁvāsaṁ kappeyya, tesaṁ saṁvāsamanvāya putto jāyetha.
khattiyakumāro brāhmaṇakaññāya → khattiya-kumāro brāhmaṇa-kaññāya (pts) | saṁvāsamanvāya → saṁvāsam anvāya (pts)Suppose an aristocrat boy was to sleep with a brahmin girl, and they had a son.
Yo so khattiyakumārena brāhmaṇakaññāya putto uppanno, api nu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā”ti?
vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | api nu → apinu (th) | khattiyakumārena brāhmaṇakaññāya → khattiya-kumārena brāhmaṇa-kaññāya (pts)Would he receive a seat and water from the brahmins?”
“Labhetha, bho gotama”.“He would, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṁ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti?
saddhe → sadde (sya-all) | pāhune vāti → pāhuṇe vā ti (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the brahmins feed him at an offering of food for ancestors, an offering of a dish of milk-rice, a sacrifice, or a feast for guests?”
“Bhojeyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṁ vā no vā”ti?
ti → Bp vā ti n'; evāti (but see 27). (pts note) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the brahmins teach him the hymns or not?”
“Vāceyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nussa itthīsu āvaṭaṁ vā assa anāvaṭaṁ vā”ti?
api nussa → apinussa (my, bjt, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | nussa → nu ssa (pts)“And would he be kept from the women or not?”
“Anāvaṭaṁ hissa, bho gotama”.
hissa → hi ssa (pts)“He would not.”
“Api nu naṁ khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñceyyun”ti?
api nu naṁ khattiyā → apinu (sya-all) | abhisiñceyyunti → abhisiñceyyun ti (pts)“And would the aristocrats anoint him as king?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
etaṁ → Bp no hi, and below no h'; idaṁ. (pts note) | hidaṁ → h etaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.
“Taṁ kissa hetu”?Why is that?
“Mātito hi, bho gotama, anupapanno”ti.
anupapannoti → anuppanno ti (pts) | anuppanno → Sdm anuppannā; Bp anupasampanno (here and in 25). (pts note)Because his maternity is unsuitable.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt, th) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
idha brāhmaṇakumāro khattiyakaññāya saddhiṁ saṁvāsaṁ kappeyya, tesaṁ saṁvāsamanvāya putto jāyetha.
saddhiṁ → saddhi (th) | khattiyakaññāya → khattiya-kaññāya (pts) | saṁvāsamanvāya → saṁvāsaṁ anvāya (pts)Suppose a brahmin boy was to sleep with an aristocrat girl, and they had a son.
Yo so brāhmaṇakumārena khattiyakaññāya putto uppanno, api nu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | khattiyakaññāya → khattiya-kaññāya (pts)Would he receive a seat and water from the brahmins?”
“Labhetha, bho gotama”.“He would, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṁ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti?
saddhe → sadde (sya-all) | pāhune vāti → pāhuṇe vā ti (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the brahmins feed him at an offering of food for ancestors, an offering of a dish of milk-rice, a sacrifice, or a feast for guests?”
“Bhojeyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṁ vā no vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts)“And would the brahmins teach him the hymns or not?”
“Vāceyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nussa itthīsu āvaṭaṁ vā assa anāvaṭaṁ vā”ti?
api nussa → apinussa (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | nussa → nu ssa (pts)“And would he be kept from the women or not?”
“Anāvaṭaṁ hissa, bho gotama”.
hissa → hi ssa (pts)“He would not.”
“Api nu naṁ khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñceyyun”ti?
khattiyā → (sya-all) | naṁ → (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the aristocrats anoint him as king?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h etaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.
“Taṁ kissa hetu”?Why is that?
“Pitito hi, bho gotama, anupapanno”ti.
anupapannoti → anuppanno ti (pts)Because his paternity is unsuitable.”
“Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, itthiyā vā itthiṁ karitvā purisena vā purisaṁ karitvā khattiyāva seṭṭhā, hīnā brāhmaṇā.
vā → SS omit vā. (pts note) | khattiyāva → khattiyā va (bjt, th, pts)“And so, Ambaṭṭha, the aristocrats are superior and the brahmins inferior, whether comparing women with women or men with men.
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
idha brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṁ kismiñcideva pakaraṇe khuramuṇḍaṁ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājeyyuṁ.
kismiñcideva → kismicideva (bj, pts) | bhassapuṭena → assapuṭena (bj, pts) | kismicid → St kismiñcid; Scm kismīcid (and so each in 27). (pts note) | assa-puṭena → See A. iv. 242. 3. (pts note) | kismiñcideva → kismicid eva (pts) | khuramuṇḍaṁ → khura-muṇḍaṁ (pts)Suppose the brahmins for some reason were to shave a brahmin’s head, inflict him with a sack of ashes, and banish him from the nation or the city.
Api nu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts)Would he receive a seat and water from the brahmins?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṁ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti?
saddhe → sadde (sya-all) | pāhune vāti → pāhuṇe vā ti (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the brahmins feed him at an offering of food for ancestors, an offering of a dish of milk-rice, a sacrifice, or a feast for guests?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṁ vā no vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (pts)“And would the brahmins teach him the hymns or not?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nussa itthīsu āvaṭaṁ vā assa anāvaṭaṁ vā”ti?
api nussa → apinussa (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | nussa → nu ssa (pts)“And would he be kept from the women or not?”
“Āvaṭaṁ hissa, bho gotama”.
hissa → hi ssa (pts)“He would be.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
idha khattiyā khattiyaṁ kismiñcideva pakaraṇe khuramuṇḍaṁ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājeyyuṁ.
bhassapuṭena → assapuṭena (bj, pts) | kismiñcideva → kismicid eva (pts) | khuramuṇḍaṁ → khura-muṇḍaṁ (pts) | bhassapuṭena → assa-puṭena (pts)Suppose the aristocrats for some reason were to shave an aristocrat’s head, inflict him with a sack of ashes, and banish him from the nation or the city.
Api nu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts)Would he receive a seat and water from the brahmins?”
“Labhetha, bho gotama”.“He would, worthy Gotama.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṁ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti?
saddhe → sadde (sya-all) | pāhune vāti → pāhuṇe vā ti (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th)“And would the brahmins feed him at an offering of food for ancestors, an offering of a dish of milk-rice, a sacrifice, or a feast for guests?”
“Bhojeyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nu naṁ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṁ vā no vā”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts)“And would the brahmins teach him the hymns or not?”
“Vāceyyuṁ, bho gotama”.“They would.”
“Api nussa itthīsu āvaṭaṁ vā assa anāvaṭaṁ vā”ti?
api nussa → apinussa (my, th) | vāti → vā ti (bjt, pts) | nussa → nu ssa (pts)“And would he be kept from the women or not?”
“Anāvaṭaṁ hissa, bho gotama”.
anāvaṭaṁ hissa → anāvaṭañhissa (th) | hissa → hi ssa (pts)“He would not.”
“Ettāvatā kho, ambaṭṭha, khattiyo paramanihīnataṁ patto hoti, yadeva naṁ khattiyā khuramuṇḍaṁ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājenti.
bhassapuṭena → assapuṭena (bj, pts) | paramanihīnataṁ patto → paramanihīnatappatto (sya-all) | yadeva naṁ → yadidaṁ (sya-all) | paramanihīnataṁ → parama-nihīnataṁ (pts) | yadeva → yad eva (pts) | khuramuṇḍaṁ → khura-muṇḍaṁ (pts) | bhassapuṭena → assa-puṭena (pts)“At this point, Ambaṭṭha, that aristocrat has reached rock bottom, with head shaven, inflicted with a sack of ashes, and banished from city or nation.
Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, yadā khattiyo paramanihīnataṁ patto hoti, tadāpi khattiyāva seṭṭhā, hīnā brāhmaṇā.
yadā → yadāpi (sya-all, pts) | paramanihīnataṁ patto → paramanihīnatappatto (sya-all) | khattiyāva → khattiyā va (th) | + → pi (pts) | paramanihīnataṁ → parama-nihīnataṁ (pts) | tadāpi khattiyāva → tadā pi khattiyā va (pts)Yet still the aristocrats are superior and the brahmins inferior.
Brahmunā pesā, ambaṭṭha, sanaṅkumārena gāthā bhāsitā:
Brahmunā pesā, ambaṭṭha → brahmunāpi ambaṭṭha (bj, mr); brahmunā cesā ambaṭṭha (sya-all); brahmunāpi esā ambaṭṭha (pts1ed) | brahmunā pesā → brahmunāpi (bj) | pesā → cesā (sya-all); pi esā (pts) | sanaṅkumārena → sanaṁkumāreṇa (pts) | ambaṭṭha → brahmunāpi ambaṭṭha (cck: ka.); brahmunāpi eso ambaṭṭha (cck: pī.) | Sanaṁkumāreṇa → Bp Sena-. (pts note)The divinity Sanaṅkumāra also spoke this verse:
‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṁ, ye gottapaṭisārino;
janetasmiṁ → jane tasmiṁ (pts) ye → Sct yo. (pts note) | gottapaṭisārino → gotta-paṭisārino (pts)‘The aristocrat is best among people who take clan as the standard. Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse’ti.
vijjācaraṇasampanno → vijjā-caraṇa sampanno (pts) devamānuseti → deva-mānuse ti (pts)But one accomplished in knowledge and conduct is first among gods and humans.’
Sā kho panesā, ambaṭṭha, brahmunā sanaṅkumārena gāthā sugītā no duggītā, subhāsitā no dubbhāsitā, atthasaṁhitā no anatthasaṁhitā, anumatā mayā.
no → na (sya-all, pts) | subhāsitā → subhāsitā na dubbhāsitā atthasañhitā (sya-all) | dubbhāsitā atthasaṁhitā no anatthasaṁhitā → anatthasañhitā (sya-all) | atthasaṁhitā no → atthasaṁhitāna (pts) | atthasaṁhitāna → Sd no. (pts note) | panesā → pan esā (pts) | sanaṅkumārena → sanaṁ-kumārena (pts) | atthasaṁhitā no anatthasaṁhitā → atthasaṁhitāna anattha-saṁhitā (pts)That verse was well sung by the Divinity Sanaṅkumāra, not poorly sung; well spoken, not poorly spoken, beneficial, not harmful, and it was approved by me.
Ahampi hi, ambaṭṭha, evaṁ vadāmi—
hi → (bj) | ahampi hi → ahaṁpi (sya-all); pi aham pi (pts) | ahampi → ahampihi (bj: machasaṁ) | pi → Bp omits pi. This 28 recurs so far at M. I. 358, and the verse at S. vi. 2. 1; xxi. 11. (pts note)For I also say this:
Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṁ, ye gottapaṭisārino;
janetasmiṁ → jane tasmiṁ (pts) ye → Sc yo. (pts note) | gottapaṭisārino → gotta-paṭisārino (pts)The aristocrat is best among people who take clan as the standard. Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse”ti.
vijjācaraṇasampanno → vijjā-caraṇa sampanno (pts) devamānuseti → deva-mānuse ti (pts)But one accomplished in knowledge and conduct is first among gods and humans.”
Bhāṇavāro paṭhamo.
bhāṇavāro paṭhamo → bhāṇavāraṁ paṭhamaṁ (th)The first recitation section.
4. Vijjācaraṇakathā4. Knowledge and Conduct
“Katamaṁ pana taṁ, bho gotama, caraṇaṁ, katamā ca pana sā vijjā”ti?
ca pana → (sya-all, pts) | katamā → Bp adds ca pana (see ii. 2). (pts note) | vijjāti → vijjā ti (bjt, pts)“But what, worthy Gotama, is that conduct, and what is that knowledge?”
“Na kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya jātivādo vā vuccati, gottavādo vā vuccati, mānavādo vā vuccati:
vā → Smt omit these vā'; s. (pts note) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya jātivādo → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya jāti-vādo (pts) | gottavādo → gotta-vādo (pts) | mānavādo → māna-vādo (pts)“Ambaṭṭha, in the supreme knowledge and conduct there is no discussion of genealogy or clan or pride—
‘arahasi vā maṁ tvaṁ, na vā maṁ tvaṁ arahasī’ti.‘You deserve me’ or ‘You don’t deserve me.’
Yattha kho, ambaṭṭha, āvāho vā hoti, vivāho vā hoti, āvāhavivāho vā hoti, etthetaṁ vuccati jātivādo vā itipi gottavādo vā itipi mānavādo vā itipi:
vā itipi → iti pi (pts) | āvāhavivāho → āvāha vivāho (pts) | etthetaṁ → etth etaṁ (pts) | jātivādo vā itipi gottavādo vā itipi mānavādo vā itipi → jāti-vādo iti pi gotta-vādo iti pi māna-vādo iti pi (pts)Wherever there is giving and taking in marriage there is such discussion.
‘arahasi vā maṁ tvaṁ, na vā maṁ tvaṁ arahasī’ti.
Ye hi keci, ambaṭṭha, jātivādavinibaddhā vā gottavādavinibaddhā vā mānavādavinibaddhā vā āvāhavivāhavinibaddhā vā, ārakā te anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya.
jātivādavinibaddhā → jātivādavinibandhā (pts) | gottavādavinibaddhā → gottavādavinibandhā (pts) | mānavādavinibaddhā → mānavādavinibandhā (pts) | āvāhavivāhavinibaddhā → āvāhavivāhavinibandhā (pts) | jātivādavinibaddhā → jāti-vāda-vinibandhā (pts) | gottavādavinibaddhā → gotta-vāda-vinibandhā (pts) | mānavādavinibaddhā → māna-vāda-vinibandhā (pts) | āvāhavivāhavinibaddhā → āvāha-vivāha-vinibandhā (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts)Whoever is shackled to questions of genealogy or clan or pride, or to giving and taking in marriage, is far from the supreme knowledge and conduct.
Pahāya kho, ambaṭṭha, jātivādavinibaddhañca gottavādavinibaddhañca mānavādavinibaddhañca āvāhavivāhavinibaddhañca anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sacchikiriyā hotī”ti.
jātivādavinibaddhañca gottavādavinibaddhañca mānavādavinibaddhañca āvāhavivāhavinibaddhañca → jāti-vāda-vinibandhañ ca gotta-vādavinibandhañ ca māna-vāda-vinibandhañ ca āvāha-vivāhavinibandhañ ca (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts)The realization of supreme knowledge and conduct occurs when you’ve given up such things.”
“Katamaṁ pana taṁ, bho gotama, caraṇaṁ, katamā ca sā vijjā”ti?
ca → (sya-all, pts) | katamā → Bp adds ca (see last ). (pts note) | vijjāti → vijjā ti (bjt, pts)“But what, worthy Gotama, is that conduct, and what is that knowledge?”
“Idha, ambaṭṭha, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā.“Ambaṭṭha, it’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.
So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.
So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.
Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.
So taṁ dhammaṁ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṁ paṭilabhati.They gain faith in the Realized One
So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati …pe…
sahitamme → saṁhitamme asaṁhitaṁ te (bj: kesuci) | + → yathā ādayo anucchedā evaṁ vitthāretabbaṁ (my)and reflect …
So vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi, savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati …pe…
sāmaññaphale → sāmaññaphalaṁ (sya-all: sī.) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)Quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, they enter and remain in the first absorption …
idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṁ.
idampissa → idaṁpissa (th) | idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṁ → kho (pts)This pertains to their conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati …pe…
abhisanneyya → abhisandeyya (bj: machasaṁ) | parisanneyya → parisandeyya (bj: machasaṁ) | hoti → D. ii. 40-63. (pts note) | pe → D. ii. 64-75, but possibly only the passage at D. ii. 75 beginning so vivicc'; eva is meant. (pts note) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)Furthermore, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, a mendicant enters and remains in the second absorption …
idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṁ.
caraṇasmiṁ → Sd sīlasmiṁ (but see Sum.). (pts note) | idampissa → idam pi ssa (pts)This pertains to their conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṁvedeti, yaṁ taṁ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati …pe…
ca → (bj) | parisannāni → abhisandāni parisandāni (machasaṁ); abhisanidadhāni parisanidadhāni ? (bj note) | pe → D. ii. 77-81, but possibly only the description of the Jhānas in the first lines of D. ii. 77, 79, 81, is to be repeated here. (pts note) | yaṁ taṁ → yantaṁ (bjt) | + → taṁ (bjt) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)Furthermore, with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third absorption …
idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṁ.This pertains to their conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati …pe…
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)Furthermore, with the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption …
idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṁ.
idampissa → idaṁpissa (th) | idampissa → idam pi ssa (pts)This pertains to their conduct.
Idaṁ kho taṁ, ambaṭṭha, caraṇaṁ.
caraṇaṁ → caraṇaṁ puna caparaṁ ambaṭṭha (bj) | idaṁ → idaṁpi (sya-all)This is that conduct.
So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṁ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti …pe…
pe → Only Sm has this pe. (pts note) | pe → D. ii. 83. (pts note) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)When their mind has become immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they project it and extend it toward knowledge and vision.
idampissa hoti vijjāya …pe…
pe → D. ii. 84-98, but possibly only 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97. (pts note) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | idampissa → idaṁpissa (th) | idampissa → idam pi ssa (pts)This pertains to their knowledge. …
nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāti,
āneñjappatte → ānejjappatte (bj: kesuci potthakesu) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)They understand: ‘There is nothing further for this place.’
idampissa hoti vijjāya.
pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | idampissa → idaṁpissa (th) | idampissa → idam pi ssa (pts)This pertains to their knowledge.
Ayaṁ kho sā, ambaṭṭha, vijjā.This is that knowledge.
Ayaṁ vuccati, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu ‘vijjāsampanno’ itipi, ‘caraṇasampanno’ itipi, ‘vijjācaraṇasampanno’ itipi.
bhikkhu → (sya-all) | pi → -9 SS vijjā-caraṇa-sampanno iti pi caraṇa-sampanno iti pi. (pts note) | vijjāsampanno itipi caraṇasampanno itipi vijjācaraṇasampanno itipi → vijjā-sampanno iti pi caraṇa-sampanno iti pi vijjā-caraṇa-sampanno iti pi (pts)This mendicant is said to be ‘accomplished in knowledge’, and also ‘accomplished in conduct’, and also ‘accomplished in knowledge and conduct’.
Imāya ca, ambaṭṭha, vijjāsampadāya caraṇasampadāya ca aññā vijjāsampadā ca caraṇasampadā ca uttaritarā vā paṇītatarā vā natthi.
ca → (sya-all, pts) | vijjāsampadāya caraṇasampadāya ca → vijjācaraṇasampadāya (pts) | vijjāsampadā ca → vijjasampadā (pts) | Ambaṭṭha → Bp vijjā-sampadāya ca caraṇa-sampadāya ca aññā vijjā-sampadā ca caraṇa-sampada ca. It is this imitation of the closing phrase of D. ii. 98 Which makes us think that the Whole of D. ii. 40-98 is meant to be repeated here with the necessary changes. (pts note) | vijjāsampadāya caraṇasampadāya ca → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts) | vijjāsampadā ca caraṇasampadā ca → vijjasampadā caraṇa-sampadā (pts) | natthi → n atthi (pts)And, Ambaṭṭha, there is no accomplishment in knowledge and conduct that is better or finer than this.
5. Catuapāyamukha5. Four Causes of Quitting
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti.
vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇasampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhāni → apāya-mukhāni (pts)There are these four causes of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Katamāni cattāri?What four?
Idha, ambaṭṭha, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaññeva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya araññāyatanaṁ ajjhogāhati:
imaññeva → imañceva (bj) | khārividhamādāya → khāricivadhamādāya (bj) | anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya araññāyatanaṁ ajjhogāhati → anabhisambhūṇamāno khārivividhamādāya araññavanamajjhogāhati (sya-all) | khārividhamādāya araññāyatanaṁ → khārivividham ādāya araññe vanam (pts) | khārividhamādāya → khārivividhamādāya (cck: sī. syā. pī.) | khāri-vividham → Sc khātaṁ vividham; Bp kharividhaṁ. (pts note) | vanam → Bp araññāyatanaṁ (but see below). (pts note) | ajjhogāhati → So all MSS. twice (see 4). (pts note) | imaññeva → imaṁyeva (th) | imaññeva → imaṁ yeva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | khārividhamādāya araññāyatanaṁ → khāri-vividham ādāya araññe vanam (pts)Firstly, take some ascetic or brahmin who, not managing to obtain this supreme knowledge and conduct, plunges into a wilderness region carrying their pack with a shoulder-pole, thinking
‘pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’ti.
pavattaphalabhojano → pavatta-phala-bhojano (pts)they will get by eating fallen fruit.
So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati.
aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | paricārako → Sc parivār- (throughout). (pts note) | vijjācaraṇasampannasseva → vijjā-caraṇa-sampannass eva (pts)In fact they succeed only in serving someone accomplished in knowledge and conduct.
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṁ paṭhamaṁ apāyamukhaṁ bhavati.
vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjacaraṇasampadāya (pts) | paṭhamaṁ → pathamaṁ (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijja-caraṇasampadāya (pts) | paṭhamaṁ apāyamukhaṁ → pathamaṁ apāya-mukhaṁ (pts)This is the first cause of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṁ ādāya araññavanaṁ ajjhogāhati:
kudālapiṭakaṁ → kuddālapiṭakaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) | araññavanaṁ ajjhogāhati → araññāyatanamajjhogāhati (bj) | anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṁ → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kuddālapiṭakaṁ (sya-all) | araññavanaṁ ajjhogāhati kandamūlaphalabhojano → araññavanamajjhogāhati kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojano (sya-all) | araññavanaṁ → araññe vanam (pts) | kudālapiṭakaṁ → kuddālapiṭakaṁ (cck: sī. syā. pī.) | vanam → Bp āraññavanaṁ (and so always afterwards). (pts note) | caparaṁ → ca paraṁ (pts) | idhekacco → idh ekacco (pts) | imañceva → imañ ca (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kudālapiṭakaṁ → kuddāla piṭakaṁ (pts)Furthermore, take some ascetic or brahmin who, not managing to obtain this supreme knowledge and conduct or to get by eating fallen fruit, plunges into a wilderness region carrying a spade and basket, thinking
‘kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’ti.
kandamūlaphalabhojano → kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojano (th) | kandamūlaphalabhojano → kandamūlaphala-bhojano (pts)they will get by eating tubers and fruit.
So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati.
aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | paricārako → Sct parivār-. (pts note) | vijjācaraṇasampannasseva → vijjā-caraṇa-sampannass eva (pts)In fact they succeed only in serving someone accomplished in knowledge and conduct.
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṁ dutiyaṁ apāyamukhaṁ bhavati.
imāya → imāya ca (bj) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇasampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhaṁ → apāya-mukhaṁ (pts)This is the second cause of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno gāmasāmantaṁ vā nigamasāmantaṁ vā agyāgāraṁ karitvā aggiṁ paricaranto acchati.
anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno (th) | caparaṁ → ca paraṁ (pts) | idhekacco → idh ekacco (pts) | imañceva → imaṁ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca → kandamūlaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | gāmasāmantaṁ → gāma-sāmantaṁ (pts)Furthermore, take some ascetic or brahmin who, not managing to obtain this supreme knowledge and conduct, or to get by eating fallen fruit, or to get by eating tubers and fruit, sets up a fire chamber in the neighborhood of a village or town and dwells there serving the sacred flame.
So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati.
aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | vijjācaraṇasampannasseva → vijjā-caraṇa-sampannass eva (pts)In fact they succeed only in serving someone accomplished in knowledge and conduct.
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṁ tatiyaṁ apāyamukhaṁ bhavati.
vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhaṁ → apāya-mukhaṁ (pts)This is the third cause of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Puna caparaṁ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaṁ ceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe catudvāraṁ agāraṁ karitvā acchati:
aggipāricariyañca → aggiparicariyañca (bj) | agāraṁ → Bp agyāgāraṁ; Sd āgāraṁ (here and below). (pts note) | imaṁ ceva → imañceva (bjt, th) | cātumahāpathe → cātummahāpathe (bjt, pts) | anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno aggiparicariyañca anabhisambhūṇamāno cātummahāpathe (th) | caparaṁ → ca paraṁ (pts) | idhekacco → idh ekacco (pts) | imaṁ ceva → imañ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca → kandamūlaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | aggipāricariyañca → aggi-paricariyañ ca (pts)Furthermore, take some ascetic or brahmin who, not managing to obtain this supreme knowledge and conduct, or to get by eating fallen fruit, or to get by eating tubers and fruit, or to serve the sacred flame, sets up a four-doored fire chamber at the crossroads and dwells there, thinking:
‘yo imāhi catūhi disāhi āgamissati samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā, tamahaṁ yathāsatti yathābalaṁ paṭipūjessāmī’ti.
paṭipūjessāmīti → paṭipūjissāmīti (sya-all) | sattiṁ → Bp satthiṁ. (pts note) | balaṁ → Bp phalaṁ. (pts note) | catūhi → catuhi (pts) | vā tamahaṁ yathāsatti yathābalaṁ → va tam ahaṁ yathā sattiṁ yathā balaṁ (pts)‘When an ascetic or brahmin comes from the four quarters, I will honor them as best I can.’
So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati.
aññadatthu → aññadatthuṁ (sya-all) | vijjācaraṇasampannasseva → vijjā-caraṇa-sampannass eva (pts)In fact they succeed only in serving someone accomplished in knowledge and conduct.
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṁ catutthaṁ apāyamukhaṁ bhavati.
vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhaṁ → apāya-mukhaṁ (pts)This is the fourth cause of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya imāni cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti.
vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhāni → apāya-mukhāni (pts)These are the four causes of quitting this supreme knowledge and conduct.
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
api nu tvaṁ imāya anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sandissasi sācariyako”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts)Is this supreme knowledge and conduct seen in your own denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.
Kocāhaṁ, bho gotama, sācariyako, kā ca anuttarā vijjācaraṇasampadā?
kocāhaṁ → ko cāhaṁ (bjt, th, pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadā → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadā ārako (pts)Who am I and my denomination compared with the supreme knowledge and conduct?
Ārakāhaṁ, bho gotama, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sācariyako”ti.
gotama → gotama imāya (sya-all) | ārakāhaṁ → ārako haṁ (pts) | haṁ → Bp ārakāhaṁ. (pts note) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya sācariyakoti → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya sācariyako ti (pts)We are far from that.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
api nu tvaṁ imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya araññavanamajjhogāhasi sācariyako:
khārividhamādāya → khārivivadhamādāya (bj) | imañceva → imaṁyeva (sya-all) | anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya → anabhisambhūṇamāno khārivividhamādāya (sya-all) | ādāya → Sd khāriṁ vividham ādāya; Bp khāri-vidham ādāra. (pts note) | ajjhogāhasi → So all MSS. twice. (pts note) | api nu → apinu (my, th) | imañceva → imañ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | khārividhamādāya araññavanamajjhogāhasi → khāri-vividhaṁ ādāya araññe vanam ajjhogāhasi (pts)Since you’re not managing to obtain this supreme knowledge and conduct, have you with your denomination plunged into a wilderness region carrying your pack with a shoulder-pole, thinking
‘pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’”ti?
pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmīti → pavattaphalabhojanā bhavissāmāti (sya-all) | bhavissāmīti → bhavissāmāti (pts) | pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmīti → pavatta-phala-bhojano bhavissāmāti (pts)you will get by eating fallen fruit?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
api nu tvaṁ imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṁ ādāya araññavanamajjhogāhasi sācariyako:
anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṁ → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kuddālapiṭakaṁ (sya-all) | araññavanamajjhogāhasi → araññe vanam ajjhogāhasi (pts) | api nu → apinu (my, th) | imañceva → imañ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kudālapiṭakaṁ → kuddāla-piṭakaṁ (pts)Have you with your denomination … plunged into a wilderness region carrying a spade and basket, thinking
‘kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’”ti?
kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmīti → kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojanā bhavissāmāti (sya-all) | bhavissāmīti → bhavissāmāti (pts) | kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmīti → kandamūlaphala-bhojano bhavissāmāti (pts)you will get by eating tubers and fruit?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
api nu tvaṁ imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno gāmasāmantaṁ vā nigamasāmantaṁ vā agyāgāraṁ karitvā aggiṁ paricaranto acchasi sācariyako”ti?
api nu → apinu (my, th) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno (th) | imañceva → imaṁ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca → kandamūlaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | gāmasāmantaṁ → gāma-sāmantaṁ (pts) | nigamasāmantaṁ → nigama-sāmantaṁ (pts)Have you with your denomination … set up a fire chamber in the neighborhood of a village or town and dwelt there serving the sacred flame?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)“What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
api nu tvaṁ imañceva anuttaraṁ vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe catudvāraṁ agāraṁ karitvā acchasi sācariyako:
aggipāricariyañca → aggiparicariyañca (bj) | api nu → apinu (my, th) | cātumahāpathe → cātummahāpathe (bjt, pts) | anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe → anabhisambhūṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno kaṇḍamūlaphalabhojanattañca anabhisambhūṇamāno aggiparicariyañca anabhisambhūṇamāno cātummahāpathe (th) | imañceva → imañ eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadaṁ → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadaṁ (pts) | pavattaphalabhojanatañca → pavattaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca → kandamūlaphala-bhojanatañ ca (pts) | aggipāricariyañca → aggi-paricariyañ ca (pts)Have you with your denomination … set up a four-doored fire chamber at the crossroads and dwelt there, thinking:
‘yo imāhi catūhi disāhi āgamissati samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā, taṁ mayaṁ yathāsatti yathābalaṁ paṭipūjessāmā’”ti?
taṁ mayaṁ → tamahaṁ (sya-all) | paṭipūjessāmāti → paṭipūjissāmīti (sya-all) | yathāsatti yathābalaṁ → yathā sattiṁ yathā balaṁ (pts) | catūhi → catuhi (pts)‘When an ascetic or brahmin comes from the four quarters, I will honor them as best I can’?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, imāya ceva tvaṁ anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya parihīno sācariyako.
parihīno → parihīnako (pts) | tvaṁ → SS omit. (pts note) | parihīnako → Bp parihīno. (pts note) | ceva → ce va (bjt) | ceva → eva (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya parihīno → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya parihīnako (pts)“So you with your denomination are not only inferior to the supreme knowledge and conduct,
Ye cime anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti, tato ca tvaṁ parihīno sācariyako.
cime → hi kecime (sya-all) | tvaṁ → (sya-all) | asi → Sd adds yā; Bp ca tvaṁ. (pts note) | cime → ime (pts) | vijjācaraṇasampadāya → vijjā-caraṇa-sampadāya (pts) | apāyamukhāni → apāya-mukhāni (pts)you are even inferior to the four causes of quitting the supreme knowledge and conduct.
Bhāsitā kho pana te esā, ambaṭṭha, ācariyena brāhmaṇena pokkharasātinā vācā:
pokkharasātinā → pokkharasādinā (bj)But you have been told this by your tutor, the brahmin Pokkharasāti:
‘ke ca muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā, kā ca tevijjānaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ sākacchā’ti attanā āpāyikopi aparipūramāno.
aparipūramāno → aparipūrayamāno (bj) | ke ca → keci (sya-all) | bandhupādāpaccā → bandhupādapaccā (sya-all) | kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā → kiṇhā bandhupadāpaccā (pts) | muṇḍakā → Sd mundakā; Sc muddhakā; Bp muddakā. (pts note) | kiṇhā → St kiṇhaṁ (see ante, D. iii. 1. 11); Bp kaṇhā; Sc kinhā. (pts note) | sākacchā → Bp sāgacchā. (pts note) | āpāyiko → Bp Sc apāyiko. (pts note) | tevijjānaṁ → te vijjānaṁ (th) | sākacchāti → sākacchā ti (pts) | āpāyikopi → āpāyiko pi (pts)‘Who are these shavelings, fake ascetics, primitives, black spawn from the feet of our kinsman compared with conversation with the brahmins of the three knowledges?’ Yet he himself has not even fulfilled one of the quittings!
Passa, ambaṭṭha, yāva aparaddhañca te idaṁ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa.
pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj) | passa → pass (pts) | aparaddhañca → aparaddhañ ca (pts)See, Ambaṭṭha, how your tutor Pokkharasāti has wronged you.
6. Pubbakaisibhāvānuyoga6. Being Like the Seers of the Past
Brāhmaṇo kho pana, ambaṭṭha, pokkharasāti rañño pasenadissa kosalassa dattikaṁ bhuñjati.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | pasenadissa kosalassa → pasenadikosalassa (sya-all) | pana → pan (pts)Pokkharasāti lives off an endowment provided by King Pasenadi of Kosala.
Tassa rājā pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi na dadāti.
pasenadi → pasenadī (bj) | pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi → pasenadikosalo sammukhībhāvaṁpi (th) | sammukhībhāvampi → sammukhī-bhāvaṁ pi (pts)But the king won’t even grant him an audience face to face.
Yadāpi tena manteti, tirodussantena manteti.
tirodussantena → tirodussena (bj) | yadāpi → yadā pi (pts) | tirodussantena → tiro dussan tena (pts)When he consults, he does so behind a curtain.
Yassa kho pana, ambaṭṭha, dhammikaṁ payātaṁ bhikkhaṁ paṭiggaṇheyya, kathaṁ tassa rājā pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi na dadeyya.
payātaṁ → payataṁ (bj, pts) | paṭiggaṇheyya → patigaṇheyya (bj, pts) | pasenadi → pasenadī (bj) | payataṁ → Sd Bp payātam. (pts note) | patigaṇheyya → All MSS. t, not ṭ. (pts note) | pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi → pasenadikosalo sammukhībhāvaṁpi (th) | pana → pan (pts) | sammukhībhāvampi → sammukhī-bhāvaṁ pi (pts)Why wouldn’t the king grant a face to face audience with someone who’d receive his legitimate presentation of food?
Passa, ambaṭṭha, yāva aparaddhañca te idaṁ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa.
pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj) | passa → pass (pts) | aparaddhañca → aparaddhañ ca (pts)See, Ambaṭṭha, how your tutor Pokkharasāti has wronged you.
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
idha rājā pasenadi kosalo hatthigīvāya vā nisinno assapiṭṭhe vā nisinno rathūpatthare vā ṭhito uggehi vā rājaññehi vā kiñcideva mantanaṁ manteyya.
idha → (bj) | pasenadi → pasenadī (bj) | mantanaṁ → mantaṇaṁ (bj) | kiñcideva → kañcid eva (pts) | mantanaṁ → Sct mantaṁ. (pts note) | pasenadi kosalo hatthigīvāya → pasenadikosalo hatthigīvāyaṁ (th) | hatthigīvāya → hatthi-gīvāya (pts)Suppose King Pasenadi was holding consultations with warrior-chiefs or chieftains while sitting on an elephant’s neck or on horseback, or while standing on the mat in a chariot.
So tamhā padesā apakkamma ekamantaṁ tiṭṭheyya.
ekamantaṁ → ekamante (pts)And suppose he’d get down from that place and stand aside.
Atha āgaccheyya suddo vā suddadāso vā, tasmiṁ padese ṭhito tadeva mantanaṁ manteyya:
vā → vā so (bj, sya-all, pts) | mantanaṁ → mantaṇaṁ (bj) | tadeva → (sya-all) | suddadāso → sudda-dāso (pts) | tadeva → tad eva (pts)Then along would come a worker or their bondservant, who’d stand in the same place and continue the consultation:
‘evampi rājā pasenadi kosalo āha, evampi rājā pasenadi kosalo āhā’ti.
pasenadi → pasenadī (bj) | evampi → evaṁpi (th) | pasenadi kosalo → pasenadikosalo (th)‘This is what King Pasenadi says, and this too is what the king says.’
Api nu so rājabhaṇitaṁ vā bhaṇati rājamantanaṁ vā manteti?
api nu so → apinu kho (sya-all) | rājabhaṇitaṁ → rājābhaṇitaṁ (pts) | rājamantanaṁ → rājāmantanaṁ (pts) | rājabhaṇitaṁ → rājā-bhaṇitaṁ (pts) | rājamantanaṁ → rājā-mantanaṁ (pts)Though he spoke the king’s words and gave the king’s advice,
Ettāvatā so assa rājā vā rājamatto vā”ti?
rājamatto → rājamahāmatto (bj, sya-all) | ettāvatā → tāvatā (sya-all, pts) | tāvatā → Bp ettāvatā. (pts note) | rāja-matto → Bp rājaṁ matto. (pts note) | rājamatto vāti → rāja-matto vā ti (pts)does that qualify him to be the king or the king’s minister?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Evameva kho tvaṁ, ambaṭṭha, ye te ahesuṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ pubbakā isayo mantānaṁ kattāro mantānaṁ pavattāro, yesamidaṁ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ mantapadaṁ gītaṁ pavuttaṁ samihitaṁ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṁ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu:
yamataggi → yamataggī (sya-all); yamadaggi (mr) | samihitaṁ → samūhitaṁ (bj) | aṭṭhako → aṭṭako (bj) | te → tepi (sya-all) | aṅgīraso → aṅgiraso (pts) | yamataggi → yamadaggi (cck: ka.) | pavuttaṁ → Bp pavattaṁ. (pts note) | Aṭṭhako → See Tevijja Sutta, 13, and ‘Vinaya Texts,'; ii. 130. (pts note) | Yamataggi → Sm Yamadaggī (pts note) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th) | evameva → evam eva (pts) | yesamidaṁ → yesam idaṁ (pts) | tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti seyyathidaṁ → tad anugāyanti tad anubhāsanti bhāsitaṁ anubhāsanti vācitaṁ anuvācenti seyyathīdam (pts)“In the same way, Ambaṭṭha, the ancient seers of the brahmins were Aṭṭhaka, Vāmaka, Vāmadeva, Vessāmitta, Yamadaggi, Aṅgīrasa, Bhāradvāja, Vāseṭṭha, Kassapa, and Bhagu. They were the authors and propagators of the hymns. Their hymnal was sung and propagated and compiled in ancient times; and these days, brahmins continue to sing and chant it, chanting what was chanted and teaching what was taught.
‘tyāhaṁ mante adhiyāmi sācariyako’ti, tāvatā tvaṁ bhavissasi isi vā isitthāya vā paṭipannoti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.
isitthāya → isittāya (bj, sya-all, pts) | ti → Scmt omit ti. (pts note) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako (th) | isitthāya → isitāya (th) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (pts) | paṭipannoti netaṁ → paṭipanno ti n etaṁ (pts)You might imagine that, since you’ve learned their hymns by heart in your own denomination, that makes you a seer or someone on the path to becoming a seer. But that is not possible.
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, ambaṭṭha,
kiṁ maññasi → kimmaññasi (bjt) | kiṁ → kim (pts)What do you think, Ambaṭṭha?
kinti te sutaṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ vuddhānaṁ mahallakānaṁ ācariyapācariyānaṁ bhāsamānānaṁ—
vuddhānaṁ → vuḍḍhānaṁ (sya-all) | ācariyapācariyānaṁ → ācariya-pācariyānaṁ (pts)According to what you have heard from elderly and senior brahmins, the tutors of tutors,
ye te ahesuṁ brāhmaṇānaṁ pubbakā isayo mantānaṁ kattāro mantānaṁ pavattāro, yesamidaṁ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ mantapadaṁ gītaṁ pavuttaṁ samihitaṁ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṁ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu,
samihitaṁ → samūhitaṁ (bj) | aṭṭhako → aṭṭako (bj) | yamataggi → yamataggī (sya-all) | aṅgīraso → aṅgiraso (pts) | porāṇaṁ mantapadaṁ → porāṇamantapadaṁ (th) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th) | yesamidaṁ → yesaṁ idaṁ (pts) | mantapadaṁ → manta-padaṁ (pts) | tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti seyyathidaṁ → tad anugāyanti tad anubhāsanti bhāsitaṁ anubhāsanti vācitaṁ anuvācenti seyyathīdaṁ (pts)did those ancient brahmin seers—
evaṁ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassū āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṁ etarahi sācariyako”ti?
āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā → āmuttamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā (bj); āmuttamālābharaṇā (sya-all, pts) | samaṅgībhūtā → samaṅgibhūtā (sya-all, pts) | sunhātā → sunahātā (pts) | āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā → āmuttamālābharaṇā (cck: sī. syā. pī.) | sunahātā → Bp nhātā; Sc evaṁ tesu bhoto. (pts note) | āmutta-mālābharaṇā → Bp maṇi-kuṇḍalābharanā; Sc amutta-mālā. (pts note) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | kappitakesamassū āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā → kappita-kesa-massū āmutta-mālābharaṇā odāta-vattha-vasanā (pts) | samaṅgībhūtā → samaṅgi-bhūtā (pts) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts)nicely bathed and anointed, with hair and beard dressed, bedecked with jewels, earrings, and bracelets, dressed in white—amuse themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation, like you do today in your denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“ …pe…
Evaṁ su te sālīnaṁ odanaṁ sucimaṁsūpasecanaṁ vicitakāḷakaṁ anekasūpaṁ anekabyañjanaṁ paribhuñjanti, seyyathāpi tvaṁ etarahi sācariyako”ti?
vicitakāḷakaṁ → vicitakālakaṁ (bj) | sucimaṁsūpasecanaṁ vicitakāḷakaṁ → vicittakāḷakaṁ (sya-all) | sucimaṁsūpasecanaṁ → (pts) | odanaṁ → Bp inserts bhucimaṁsupabhecanaṁ. (pts note) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | sucimaṁsūpasecanaṁ vicitakāḷakaṁ → vicita-kāḷakaṁ (pts) | anekabyañjanaṁ → aneka-byañjanaṁ (pts) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts)“Did they eat boiled fine rice, garnished with clean meat, with the dark grains picked out, served with many soups and sauces, like you do today in your denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“ …pe…
Evaṁ su te veṭhakanatapassāhi nārīhi paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṁ etarahi sācariyako”ti?
veṭhakanatapassāhi → veṭhanakapassāhi (bj) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | veṭhakanatapassāhi → veṭṭhakanatapassāhi (th) | veṭhakanatapassāhi → veṭhaka-nata-passāhi (pts) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts)“Did they amuse themselves with girls wearing thongs that show off their curves, like you do today in your denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“ …pe…
Evaṁ su te kuttavālehi vaḷavārathehi dīghāhi patodalaṭṭhīhi vāhane vitudentā vipariyāyanti, seyyathāpi tvaṁ etarahi sācariyako”ti?
vitudentā vipariyāyanti → vitudantā vicarissanti (sya-all) | vaḷavārathehi → vaḷavāratheni (pts) | vitudentā vipariyāyanti seyyathāpi → vitudantā vicaranti seyyathā pi (pts) | patoda-laṭṭhīhi → St patodayaṭṭhāhi- (pts note) | vicaranti → -6 Bp vitudentā. (pts note) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | kuttavālehi vaḷavārathehi → kutta-vālehi vaḷavā-ratheni (pts)“Did they drive about in chariots drawn by mares with plaited manes, whipping and lashing them onward with long goads, like you do today in your denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“ …pe…
Evaṁ su te ukkiṇṇaparikhāsu okkhittapalighāsu nagarūpakārikāsu dīghāsivudhehi purisehi rakkhāpenti, seyyathāpi tvaṁ etarahi sācariyako”ti?
dīghāsivudhehi → dīghāsibaddhehi (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) | rakkhāpenti → rakkhāpeti (bj) | ukkiṇṇaparikhāsu okkhittapalighāsu → ukkiṇṇaparikkhāsu ukkhittapalighāsu (sya-all) | dīghāsivudhehi → dīghāsibaddhehi (pts) | dīghāsivudhehi → dīghāsibaddhehi (cck: syā. pī.) | ukkiṇṇa-parikhāsu → Sd parikāsu; Bp paridāsu. (pts note) | okkhitta-palighāsu → Sd phalighāsu. (pts note) | dīghāsi-baddhehi → Bp vudhehi. (pts note) | sācariyakoti → sācariyako ti (bjt, pts) | ukkiṇṇaparikhāsu okkhittapalighāsu → ukkiṇṇa-parikhāsu okkhitta-palighāsu (pts) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts)“Did they get men with long swords to guard them in fortresses with moats dug and barriers in place, like you do today in your denomination?”
“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.
hidaṁ → h idaṁ (pts)“No, worthy Gotama.”
“Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, neva tvaṁ isi na isitthāya paṭipanno sācariyako.
isitthāya → isittāya (bj); pana isitāya (sya-all, pts) | neva → n eva (pts) | isitthāya → pana isittāya (pts)“So, Ambaṭṭha, in your own denomination you are neither a seer nor someone on the path to becoming a seer.
Yassa kho pana, ambaṭṭha, mayi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā so maṁ pañhena, ahaṁ veyyākaraṇena sodhissāmī”ti.
sodhissāmīti → sobhissāmīti (pts) | Yassa → Scm yassa vā. (pts note) | sobhissāmīti → Bp sovissāmīti; Sc sossāmīti; Sdt soladdhissāmīti; Sm sobhissāmīti. (pts note)Whoever has any doubt or uncertainty about me, let them ask me and I will clear up their doubts with my answer.”
7. Dvelakkhaṇādassana7. Seeing the Two Marks
Atha kho bhagavā vihārā nikkhamma caṅkamaṁ abbhuṭṭhāsi.
atha kho → athakho (th)Then the Buddha left his dwelling and proceeded to begin walking mindfully,
Ambaṭṭhopi māṇavo vihārā nikkhamma caṅkamaṁ abbhuṭṭhāsi.
ambaṭṭhopi → ambaṭṭho pi (pts)and Ambaṭṭha did likewise.
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavantaṁ caṅkamantaṁ anucaṅkamamāno bhagavato kāye dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi.
bhagavato → (bj) | atha kho → athakho (th) | samannesi → sammannesi (th) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni sammannesi (pts)Then while walking beside the Buddha, Ambaṭṭha scrutinized his body for the thirty-two marks of a great man.
Addasā kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavato kāye dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve.
addasā → addasa (bj) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni (pts)He saw all of them except two,
Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati—
mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu → mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇesu (pts)which he had doubts about:
kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya ca.
vatthaguyhe → kośāvahita vastuguhya (bj: mahāyānikādīnaṁ ganthesu) | vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya → vattha-guyhe pahūta-jivhatāya (pts)whether the private parts are sheathed in a foreskin, and the largeness of the tongue.
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad ahosi (pts)Then it occurred to the Buddha,
“passati kho me ayaṁ ambaṭṭho māṇavo dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve.
dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni (pts)“This student Ambaṭṭha sees all the marks except two,
Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati—
mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu → mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu ambaṭṭho (sya-all) | mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu → mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇesu (pts)which he has doubts about:
kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti.
vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya → vattha-guyhe pahūta-jivhatāya (pts)whether the private parts are sheathed in a foreskin, and the largeness of the tongue.”
Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṁ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṁ abhisaṅkhāsi. Yathā addasa ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavato kosohitaṁ vatthaguyhaṁ.
abhisaṅkhāsi → abhisaṅkhāresi (sya-all) | kosohitaṁ vatthaguyhaṁ atha kho → kosohitavatthaguyhaṁ athakho (sya-all) | iddhābhisaṅkhāraṁ abhisaṅkhāsi → iddhābhisaṁkhāraṁ abhisaṁkhāsi (pts) | vatthaguyhaṁ → vattha-guyhaṁ (pts)Then the Buddha used his psychic power to will that Ambaṭṭha would see his private parts sheathed in a foreskin.
Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṁ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṁ jivhāya chādesi.
paṭimasi → parimasi (bj) | nāsikasotāni → nāsikāsotāni (bj) | nalāṭamaṇḍalaṁ → naḷāṭamaṇḍalaṁ (bj) | chādesi → Bp paṭicchādesi (and so in 19). (pts note) | atha kho → athakho (th) | ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni → ubho pi kaṇṇa-sotāni (pts) | ubhopi nāsikasotāni → ubho pi nāsika-sotāni (pts) | kevalampi → kevalam pi (pts)And he stuck out his tongue and stroked back and forth on his ear holes and nostrils, and covered his entire forehead with his tongue.
Atha kho ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad (pts)Then Ambaṭṭha thought,
“samannāgato kho samaṇo gotamo dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi, no aparipuṇṇehī”ti.
+ → ahosi (pts) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇehi (pts)“The ascetic Gotama possesses the thirty-two marks completely, lacking none.”
Bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)He said to the Buddha,
“handa ca dāni mayaṁ, bho gotama, gacchāma, bahukiccā mayaṁ bahukaraṇīyā”ti.
bahukaraṇīyāti yassadāni → bahukaraṇīyā ti yassā dāni (pts) | ca dāni → cadāni (bjt, th) | bahukiccā → bahu-kiccā (pts) | bahukaraṇīyāti → bahu-karaṇīyā ti (pts)“Well, now, sir, I must go. I have many duties, and much to do.”
“Yassadāni tvaṁ, ambaṭṭha, kālaṁ maññasī”ti.
yassadāni → yassā dāni (pts)“Please, Ambaṭṭha, go at your convenience.”
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo vaḷavārathamāruyha pakkāmi.
atha kho → athakho (th) | vaḷavārathamāruyha → vaḷavā-rathaṁ āruyha (pts)Then Ambaṭṭha mounted his chariot drawn by mares and left.
Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ukkaṭṭhāya nikkhamitvā mahatā brāhmaṇagaṇena saddhiṁ sake ārāme nisinno hoti ambaṭṭhaṁyeva māṇavaṁ paṭimānento.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | ukkaṭṭhāya → uṭṭhāya (sya-all) | paṭimānento atha kho → patimānento athakho (sya-all) | paṭimānento → patimānento (pts) | ambaṭṭhaṁyeva → ambaṭṭhaṁ yeva (bjt, pts) | brāhmaṇagaṇena → brāhmaṇa-gaṇena (pts)Now at that time the brahmin Pokkharasāti had come out from Ukkaṭṭhā together with a large group of brahmins and was sitting in his own park just waiting for Ambaṭṭha.
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena sako ārāmo tena pāyāsi.
atha kho → athakho (th)Then Ambaṭṭha entered the park.
Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brāhmaṇaṁ pokkharasātiṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti etadavoca:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj) | pokkharasātiṁ → pokkharasādiṁ (bj, pts) | pokkharasāti tenupasaṅkami → pokkharasādi ten upasaṁkami (pts) | pokkharasāti etadavoca → pokkharasādi etad avoca (pts) | pattikova → pattiko va (th, pts) | pokkharasāti tenupasaṅkami upasaṅkamitvā → pokkharasādi ten upasaṁkami upasaṁkamitvā (pts)He went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and approached the brahmin Pokkharasāti on foot. He bowed and sat down to one side, and Pokkharasāti said to him:
“kacci, tāta ambaṭṭha, addasa taṁ bhavantaṁ gotaman”ti?
gotamanti → gotaman ti (pts)“I hope, dear Ambaṭṭha, you saw the worthy Gotama?”
“Addasāma kho mayaṁ, bho, taṁ bhavantaṁ gotaman”ti.
gotamanti → gotaman ti (pts)“I saw him, sir.”
“Kacci, tāta ambaṭṭha, taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ tathā santaṁyeva saddo abbhuggato no aññathā;
santaṁyeva → santo yeva (bj) | tathā santaṁyeva → tathāsantaṁyeva (th) | tathā santaṁyeva → tathāsantaṁ yeva (pts)“Well, does he live up to his reputation or not?”
kacci pana so bhavaṁ gotamo tādiso no aññādiso”ti?
aññādiso → Sc aññathādiso. (pts note) | + → bho (bjt, th) | aññādisoti → aññādiso ti (bjt, pts)
“Tathā santaṁyeva, bho, taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saddo abbhuggato no aññathā, tādisova so bhavaṁ gotamo no aññādiso.
santaṁyeva → santo yeva (bj) | saddo → tathāsaddo (sya-all) | tādisova → tādiso va bho (sya-all); tādiso ca bho (pts) | gotamaṁ → gotamaṁ tathā (pts) | aññādiso → Bp aññatādiso. (pts note) | tathā santaṁyeva → tathāsantaṁyeva (th) | tathā santaṁyeva → tathā-santaṁ yeva (pts)“He does, sir.
Samannāgato ca so bhavaṁ gotamo dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi no aparipuṇṇehī”ti.
ca → va bho (sya-all) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇehi (pts)The worthy Gotama possesses the thirty-two marks completely, lacking none.”
“Ahu pana te, tāta ambaṭṭha, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti?
kathāsallāpoti → kathāsallāpo ti (bjt) | kocideva kathāsallāpoti → kocid eva kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“And did you have some discussion with him?”
“Ahu kho me, bho, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti.
me → yeva (bj) | kho → (pts) | kathāsallāpoti → kathāsallāpo ti (bjt) | kocideva kathāsallāpoti → kocid eva kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“I did.”
“Yathā kathaṁ pana te, tāta ambaṭṭha, ahu samaṇena gotamena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti?
yathā kathaṁ → yathākathaṁ (bjt, th) | kathāsallāpoti → kathāsallāpo ti (bjt) | kocideva kathāsallāpoti → kocid eva kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“And what kind of discussion did you have with him?”
Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yāvatako ahosi bhagavatā saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo, taṁ sabbaṁ brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ārocesi.
yāvatako → yāvatiko (mr) | pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj, pts) | yāvatako → yāvatiko (cck: ka. pī.) | sabbaṁ → Scmt omit taṁ (but not in 17). (pts note) | atha kho → athakho (th) | kathāsallāpo → kathā-sallāpo (pts)Then Ambaṭṭha informed Pokkharasāti of all they had discussed.
Evaṁ vutte, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ etadavoca:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)Then Pokkharasāti said to Ambaṭṭha,
“aho vata re amhākaṁ, paṇḍitaka, aho vata re amhākaṁ, bahussutaka, aho vata re amhākaṁ, tevijjaka, evarūpena kira, bho, puriso atthacarakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjeyya.
tevijjaka → tevijjakā (mr) | upapajjeyya yadeva → uppajjeyya yad eva (pts) | paṇḍitaka → paṇḍitakā (cck note) | bahussutaka → bahussutakā (cck note) | tevijjaka → tevijjakā (cck note) | paraṁ maraṇā → parammaraṇā (bjt) | paraṁ → param (pts)“Oh, our bloody fake scholar, our fake learned man, who pretends to be proficient in the three Vedas! A man who behaves like this ought, when their body breaks up, after death, to be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.
Yadeva kho tvaṁ, ambaṭṭha, taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ āsajja āsajja avacāsi, atha kho so bhavaṁ gotamo amhepi evaṁ upaneyya upaneyya avaca.
atha kho so → athakho (sya-all) | amhepi → amhehi (sya-all); amhehi pi (pts) | upaneyya upaneyya → upaneyyaṁ upaneyyaṁ (sya-all); upanīyya upanīyya (pts) | Yad → Scd yāvad. (pts note) | amhehi → Scm aggamhehi. (pts note) | upanīyya → Sd Bp upaneyya ( comp. A. iii. 60. 7; M. i. 251). (pts note) | yadeva → yad eva (pts)It’s only because you repeatedly attacked the worthy Gotama like that that he kept bringing up charges against us!”
Aho vata re amhākaṁ, paṇḍitaka, aho vata re amhākaṁ, bahussutaka, aho vata re amhākaṁ, tevijjaka, evarūpena kira, bho, puriso atthacarakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjeyyā”ti, kupito anattamano ambaṭṭhaṁ māṇavaṁ padasāyeva pavattesi.
kupito → so kupito (pts1ed) | upapajjeyyāti → uppajjeyyāti so (pts) | kupito → so kupito (cck: pī.) | tevijjaka → Sd Bp -kā . . . -kā . . . -kā (twice). (pts note) | paraṁ maraṇā → parammaraṇā (bjt) | padasāyeva → padasā yeva (bjt, pts) | paraṁ → param (pts) | duggatiṁ → duggatim (pts)Angry and upset, he kicked Ambaṭṭha over,
Icchati ca tāvadeva bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
tāvadeva → tāvad eva (pts) | upasaṅkamituṁ → upasaṁkamituṁ (pts)and wanted to go and see the Buddha right away.
8. Pokkharasātibuddhūpasaṅkamana8. Pokkharasāti Visits the Buddha
Atha kho te brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṁ pokkharasātiṁ etadavocuṁ:
pokkharasātiṁ → pokkharasādiṁ (bj) | pokkharasātiṁ etadavocuṁ → pokkharasādiṁ etad avocuṁ (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th)Then those brahmins said to Pokkharasāti,
“ativikālo kho, bho, ajja samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.
dassanāya → Sd Bp omit. (pts note) | upasaṅkamituṁ → upasaṁkamituṁ (pts)“It’s much too late to visit the ascetic Gotama today.
Svedāni bhavaṁ pokkharasāti samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī”ti.
Svedāni → dāni sve (mr) | pokkharasāti → pokkharasātī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | Svedāni → dāni sve (cck: sī. ka.) | sve → Sd Bp sve ca. (pts note) | dassanāya → Sd Bp dassanaṁ. (pts note) | svedāni → sve dāni (pts) | upasaṅkamissatīti → upasaṁkamissatīti (pts)You can visit him tomorrow.”
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti sake nivesane paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā yāne āropetvā ukkāsu dhāriyamānāsu ukkaṭṭhāya niyyāsi, yena icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo tena pāyāsi.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | yāne → yānesu (bj) | atha → evaṁ (pts) | khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā yāne → khādaniyaṁ bhojaniyaṁ paṭiyādetvā yānesu (pts) | dhāriyamānāsu → dhārīyamānāsu (pts) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo → icchānaṅkalavanasaṇḍo (pts) | Evaṁ → Sd Bp evaṁ atha. (pts note) | paṭiyādetvā → Bp paṭiyādāpetvā. (pts note) | atha kho → athakho (th) | icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo → icchānaṅkala-vana-saṇḍo (pts)So Pokkharasāti had delicious fresh and cooked foods prepared in his own home. Then he mounted a carriage and, with attendants carrying torches, set out from Ukkaṭṭhā for the forest near Icchānaṅgala.
Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā, yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
sāraṇīyaṁ → sārāṇīyaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | etadavoca āgamā nu khvidha → etad avoca āgama nuvidha (pts) | pattikova → pattiko va (th, pts) | tenupasaṅkami upasaṅkamitvā → ten upasaṁkami upasaṁkamitvā (pts)He went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and entered the monastery on foot. He went up to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha,
“āgamā nu khvidha, bho gotama, amhākaṁ antevāsī ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti?
te → tedha (sya-all); te idha (pts1ed) | āgamā nu khvidha → āgamānukhavidha (bj) | khvidha → kho idha (cck) | Āgama → Bp agamā (see ii. 12). (pts note) | nuvidha → Bp nu khvidha. (pts note) | māṇavoti → māṇavo ti (bjt, pts) | āgamā nu khvidha → āgama nuvidha (pts)“Master Gotama, has my resident pupil, the student Ambaṭṭha, come here?”
“Āgamā kho te, brāhmaṇa, antevāsī ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti.
te → tedha (sya-all); te idha (pts) | te → tedha (cck: syā.); te idha (cck: pī.) | idha → Sm kho te'dha; Sc te kho idha; Bp agamā te b-. (pts note) | māṇavoti → māṇavo ti (pts)“Yes he has, brahmin.”
“Ahu pana te, bho gotama, ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti?
kocideva kathāsallāpoti → koci kathāsallāpo ti (pts) | koci → So all MSS. here only; Bp koci also in the next two speeches. (pts note) | kocideva kathāsallāpoti → koci kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“And did you have some discussion with him?”
“Ahu kho me, brāhmaṇa, ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti.
kocideva kathāsallāpoti → kocid eva kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“I did.”
“Yathākathaṁ pana te, bho gotama, ahu ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṁ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti?
kathāsallāpoti → kathāsallāpo ti (bjt) | yathākathaṁ → yathā kathaṁ (pts) | kocideva kathāsallāpoti → kocid eva kathā-sallāpo ti (pts)“And what kind of discussion did you have with him?”
Atha kho bhagavā yāvatako ahosi ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo, taṁ sabbaṁ brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ārocesi.
yāvatako → yāvatiko (bj, pts) | pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj) | atha kho → athakho (th) | kathāsallāpo → kathā-sallāpo (pts)Then the Buddha informed Pokkharasāti of all they had discussed.
Evaṁ vutte, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj) | bhagavantaṁ etadavoca → bhagavantametadavoca (th) | etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)Then Pokkharasāti said to the Buddha,
“bālo, bho gotama, ambaṭṭho māṇavo, khamatu bhavaṁ gotamo ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassā”ti.
khamatu → khamataṁ (pts) | Khamataṁ → Bp khamatu. (pts note)“Ambaṭṭha is a fool, worthy Gotama. Please forgive him.”
“Sukhī hotu, brāhmaṇa, ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti.
brāhmaṇa → Sd Bp brāhmaṇo. (pts note) | māṇavoti → māṇavo ti (pts)“May the student Ambaṭṭha be happy, brahmin.”
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kāye dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th) | samannesi → sammannesi (th) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni sammannesi (pts)Then Pokkharasāti scrutinized the Buddha’s body for the thirty-two marks of a great man.
Addasā kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kāye dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni (pts)He saw all of them except two,
Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati—
mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu → mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇesu (pts)which he had doubts about:
kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya ca.
vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya → vattha-guyhe pahūta-jivhatāya (pts)whether the private parts are sheathed in a foreskin, and the largeness of the tongue.
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi:
atha kho → athakho (th) | etadahosi → etad ahosi (pts)Then it occurred to the Buddha,
“passati kho me ayaṁ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj) | pokkharasāti dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni → pokkharasādi dvattiṁsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni (pts)“Pokkharasāti sees all the marks except two,
Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati—which he has doubts about:
kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti.
vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya → vattha-guyhe pahūta-jivhatāya (pts)whether the private parts are sheathed in a foreskin, and the largeness of the tongue.”
Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṁ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṁ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā addasa brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kosohitaṁ vatthaguyhaṁ.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | abhisaṅkhāsi → abhisaṅkhāresi (sya-all) | atha kho → athakho (th) | iddhābhisaṅkhāraṁ abhisaṅkhāsi → iddhābhisaṁkhāraṁ abhisaṁkhāsi (pts) | vatthaguyhaṁ → vattha-guyhaṁ (pts)Then the Buddha used his psychic power to will that Pokkharasāti would see his private parts sheathed in a foreskin.
Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṁ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṁ jivhāya chādesi.
nāsikasotāni → nāsikāsotāni (bj) | nalāṭamaṇḍalaṁ → naḷāṭamaṇḍalaṁ (bj) | atha kho → athakho (th) | ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni → ubho pi kaṇṇa-sotāni (pts) | ubhopi nāsikasotāni → ubho pi nāsika-sotāni (pts) | kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṁ → kevalam pi nalāṭa-maṇḍalaṁ (pts)And he stuck out his tongue and stroked back and forth on his ear holes and nostrils, and covered his entire forehead with his tongue.
Atha kho brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa etadahosi:
pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj) | pokkharasātissa etadahosi → pokkharasādissa etad ahosi (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th)Pokkharasāti thought,
“samannāgato kho samaṇo gotamo dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi no aparipuṇṇehī”ti.
kho → bho (pts) | dvattiṁsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi → dvattiṁsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇehi (pts)“The ascetic Gotama possesses the thirty-two marks completely, lacking none.”
Bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)He said to the Buddha,
“adhivāsetu me bhavaṁ gotamo ajjatanāya bhattaṁ saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti.
me → (sya-all) | bhikkhusaṅghenāti → bhikkhusaṁghenāti (ms2005) | bhikkhusaṅghenāti → bhikkhu-saṁghenāti (pts)“Would the worthy Gotama together with the mendicant Saṅgha please accept today’s meal from me?”
Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
tuṇhībhāvena → tuṇhī-bhāvena (pts)The Buddha consented with silence.
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā bhagavato kālaṁ ārocesi:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th)Then, knowing that the Buddha had consented, Pokkharasāti announced the time to him,
“kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti.
bhattanti → bhattan ti (pts)“It’s time, worthy Gotama, the meal is ready.”
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghena yena brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.
pubbaṇhasamayaṁ → pubbanhasamayaṁ (bj) | pokkharasātissa nivesanaṁ → pokkharasādissa parivesanā (bj) | pokkharasātissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami → pokkharasādissa parivesanā ten upasaṁkami (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhusaṁghena (ms2005) | pubbaṇhasamayaṁ → pubbaṇha-samayaṁ (pts) | pattacīvaramādāya → patta-cīvaraṁ ādāya (pts) | bhikkhusaṅghena → bhikkhu-saṁghena (pts) | pokkharasātissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami upasaṅkamitvā → pokkharasādissa parivesanā ten upasaṁkami upasaṁkamitvā (pts)Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of Pokkharasāti together with the mendicant Saṅgha, where he sat down on the seat spread out.
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṁ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, māṇavakāpi bhikkhusaṅghaṁ.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasātī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | māṇavakāpi → māṇavakā ca (sya-all, pts) | atha kho → athakho (th) | bhikkhusaṅghaṁ → bhikkhusaṁghaṁ (ms2005) | māṇavakāpi bhikkhusaṅghaṁ → māṇavakā ca bhikkhu-saṁghaṁ (pts)Then Pokkharasāti served and satisfied the Buddha with his own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods, while his young students served the Saṅgha.
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṁ bhuttāviṁ onītapattapāṇiṁ aññataraṁ nīcaṁ āsanaṁ gahetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.
pokkharasāti → pokkharasātī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | atha kho → athakho (th) | onītapattapāṇiṁ → onīta-patta-pāṇiṁ (pts)When the Buddha had eaten and washed his hand and bowl, Pokkharasāti took a low seat and sat to one side.
Ekamantaṁ nisinnassa kho brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa bhagavā anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi, seyyathidaṁ—
pokkharasātissa → pokkharasādissa (bj, pts) | anupubbiṁ kathaṁ → ānupubbikathaṁ (bj, pts); anupubbīkathaṁ (sya-all) | ānupubbikathaṁ → Sd Bp anupubbi-. (pts note) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts)Then the Buddha taught him step by step, with
dānakathaṁ sīlakathaṁ saggakathaṁ; kāmānaṁ ādīnavaṁ okāraṁ saṅkilesaṁ, nekkhamme ānisaṁsaṁ pakāsesi.
nekkhamme → nekkhamme ca (bj) | saṅkilesaṁ → saṁkilesaṁ (my, bjt, ms2005, pts) | saggakathaṁ → sagga-kathaṁ (pts)a talk on giving, ethical conduct, and heaven. He revealed the drawbacks of sensual pleasures, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of renunciation.
Yadā bhagavā aññāsi brāhmaṇaṁ pokkharasātiṁ kallacittaṁ muducittaṁ vinīvaraṇacittaṁ udaggacittaṁ pasannacittaṁ, atha yā buddhānaṁ sāmukkaṁsikā dhammadesanā, taṁ pakāsesi—
atha → athassa (sya-all) | pokkharasātiṁ → pokkharasādiṁ (pts) | atha → Sd Bp atha kho. (pts note) | muducittaṁ vinīvaraṇacittaṁ udaggacittaṁ pasannacittaṁ → mudu-cittaṁ vinīvaraṇa-cittaṁ udagga-cittaṁ pasanna-cittaṁ (pts) | dhammadesanā → dhamma-desanā (pts)And when the Buddha knew that Pokkharasāti’s mind was ready, pliable, rid of hindrances, elated, and confident he revealed the special teaching of the Buddhas:
dukkhaṁ samudayaṁ nirodhaṁ maggaṁ.suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.
Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṁ vatthaṁ apagatakāḷakaṁ sammadeva rajanaṁ paṭiggaṇheyya;
paṭiggaṇheyya evameva → patigaṇheyya evam eva (pts) | patigaṇheyya → Bp paṭigaṇheyya. (pts note) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts) | apagatakāḷakaṁ sammadeva → apagata-kāḷakaṁ sammad eva (pts)Just as a clean cloth rid of stains would properly absorb dye,
evameva brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa tasmiññeva āsane virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi:
pokkharasātissa tasmiññeva → pokkharasādissa tasmiṁ yeva (bj, pts) | + → kho (th) | tasmiññeva → tasmiṁyeva (th) | evameva → evam eva (pts) | dhammacakkhuṁ → dhamma-cakkhuṁ (pts)in that very seat the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in the brahmin Pokkharasāti:
“yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.
yaṁ kiñci → yaṅkiñci (th) | sabbaṁ taṁ → sabbantaṁ (th) | samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ → samudaya-dhammaṁ sabban (pts) | nirodhadhammanti → nirodhadhamman ti (pts)“Everything that is liable to arise is liable to cease.”
9. Pokkharasātiupāsakattapaṭivedanā9. Pokkharasāti Declares Himself a Lay Follower
Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṅkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
pokkharasāti → pokkharasādī (bj); pokkharasādi (pts) | vigatakathaṅkatho → vigatakathaṁkatho (my, bjt, th, ms2005) | atha kho → athakho (th) | satthusāsane → satthu sāsane (th)Then Pokkharasāti saw, attained, understood, and fathomed the Dhamma. He went beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and became self-assured and independent of others regarding the Teacher’s instructions. He said to the Buddha,
“abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama.“Excellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent!
Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.
evamevaṁ → evameva kho (sya-all) | dakkhantīti evamevaṁ → dakkhintīti evam eva (pts) | seyyathāpi → seyyathā pi (pts) | telapajjotaṁ → tela pajjotaṁ (pts) | anekapariyāyena → aneka-pariyāyena (pts)As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, just so has the worthy Gotama made the Teaching clear in many ways.
Esāhaṁ, bho gotama, saputto sabhariyo sapariso sāmacco bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca.
bhavantaṁ → bhagavantaṁ (pts) | bhikkhusaṅghañca → bhikkhusaṁghañca (ms2005) | + → kho (pts) | dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca → dhammañ ca bhikkhu-saṁghañ ca (pts)Together with my children, wives, retinue, and ministers, I go for refuge to the worthy Gotama, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.
Upāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gataṁ.
saraṇaṁ gataṁ → saraṇaṅgataṁ (th) | upāsakaṁ → upāsakam (pts)From this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.
Yathā ca bhavaṁ gotamo ukkaṭṭhāya aññāni upāsakakulāni upasaṅkamati, evameva bhavaṁ gotamo pokkharasātikulaṁ upasaṅkamatu.
pokkharasātikulaṁ → pokkharasādikulaṁ (bj, pts) | ukkaṭṭhāya → ukkaṭṭhāyaṁ (sya-all, pts) | + → kho (th) | upāsakakulāni upasaṅkamati evameva → upāsaka-kulāni upasaṁkamati evam eva (pts) | pokkharasātikulaṁ upasaṅkamatu → pokkharasādi-kulaṁ upasaṁkamatu (pts)Just as the worthy Gotama visits other devoted families in Ukkaṭṭhā, may he visit mine.
Tattha ye te māṇavakā vā māṇavikā vā bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ abhivādessanti vā paccuṭṭhissanti vā āsanaṁ vā udakaṁ vā dassanti cittaṁ vā pasādessanti, tesaṁ taṁ bhavissati dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.
bhavantaṁ → bhagavantaṁ (pts) | abhivādessanti → abhivādissanti (pts) | paccuṭṭhissanti → paccuṭṭhassanti (pts) | paccuṭṭhissanti → paccuṭṭhassanti (cck: pī.) | bhagavantaṁ → So all MSS. (pts note)The brahmin boys and girls there will bow to you, rise in your presence, give you a seat and water, and gain confidence in their hearts. That will be for their lasting welfare and happiness.”
“Kalyāṇaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇā”ti.“That’s nice of you to say, householder.”