MahācattārīsakasuttaSutta The Great Forty
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—
evaṁ me → evamme (th) | evaṁ → evam (pts)I have heard
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.that on one occasion the Blessed One was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:There he addressed the monks:
“bhikkhavo”ti.
bhikkhavoti → bhikkhavo ti (pts)“Monks!”
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.
bhadanteti → bhadante ti (pts)“Yes, lord,” the monks responded to him.
Bhagavā etadavoca:
etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)The Blessed One said,
“ariyaṁ vo, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhiṁ desessāmi saupanisaṁ saparikkhāraṁ.
desessāmi → desissāmi (bj, sya-all, pts)“Monks, I will teach you noble right concentration with its supports & requisite conditions.
Taṁ suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.
manasi karotha bhāsissāmīti → manasikarotha bhāsissamīti (pts)Listen, and pay close attention. I will speak.”
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.
evaṁ bhanteti → evambhanteti (th) | bhanteti → bhante ti (pts)“Yes, lord,” the monks responded to him.
Bhagavā etadavoca:
etadavoca → etad avoca (pts)The Blessed One said:
“Katamo ca, bhikkhave, ariyo sammāsamādhi saupaniso saparikkhāro?
saupaniso → sa-upaniso (pts)“Now what, monks, is noble right concentration with its supports & requisite conditions?
Seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati;
seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts) | sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts) | sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)Any singleness of mind equipped with these seven factors—right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, & right mindfulness—
yā kho, bhikkhave, imehi sattahaṅgehi cittassa ekaggatā parikkhatā—
sattahaṅgehi → sattaṅgehi (sya-all, pts) | sattaha’ṅgehi → sattaṅgehi (bj: PTS)
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyo sammāsamādhi saupaniso itipi, saparikkhāro itipi.
itipi → itipīti (sya-all) | saupaniso itipi → sa-upaniso iti pi (pts) | itipi → iti pi (pts)is called noble right concentration with its supports & requisite conditions.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“[1] Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Micchādiṭṭhiṁ ‘micchādiṭṭhī’ti pajānāti, sammādiṭṭhiṁ ‘sammādiṭṭhī’ti pajānāti—sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi.
micchādiṭṭhīti → micchāditthīti (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One discerns wrong view as wrong view, and right view as right view. This is one’s right view.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi?And what is wrong view?
‘Natthi dinnaṁ, natthi yiṭṭhaṁ, natthi hutaṁ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṁ kammānaṁ phalaṁ vipāko, natthi ayaṁ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṁ parañca lokaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti—
sukatadukkaṭānaṁ → sukaṭadukkaṭānaṁ (bj) | natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṁ → na tthi sukaṭadukkaṭānaṁ (pts) | lokaṁ → lokaṁ sayaṁ (pts) | imañca → imañ ca (pts) | parañca → parañ ca (pts)‘There is nothing given, nothing offered, nothing sacrificed. There is no fruit or result of good or bad actions. There is no this world, no next world, no mother, no father, no spontaneously reborn beings; no contemplatives or brahmans who, faring rightly & practicing rightly, proclaim this world & the next after having directly known & realized it for themselves.’
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi.This is wrong view.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi?“And what is right view?
Sammādiṭṭhimpahaṁ, bhikkhave, dvāyaṁ vadāmi—
dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) | sammādiṭṭhimpahaṁ → sammādiṭṭhimpāhaṁ (bj: sīmu) | dvayaṁ → dvāyaṁ (bj: machasaṁ) | Sammādiṭṭhiṁpahaṁ → sammādiṭṭhimahaṁ (ka.) evaṁ sammāsaṅkappaṁpahaṁkyādīsupi (cck note) | dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (sī. syā. kaṁ. pī.) ṭīkā oloketabbā (cck note) | sammādiṭṭhimpahaṁ → sammādiṭṭhiṁ p ahaṁ (pts)Right view, I tell you, is of two sorts:
atthi, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā;
puññābhāgiyā → So Sky; Si Bu puññabh-. (pts note)There is right view with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions [of becoming]; there is right view that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
atthi, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā.“And what is the right view with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions?
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā?
puññabhāgiyā → puññābhāgiya (pts)‘There is what is given, what is offered, what is sacrificed.
‘Atthi dinnaṁ, atthi yiṭṭhaṁ, atthi hutaṁ, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṁ kammānaṁ phalaṁ vipāko, atthi ayaṁ loko, atthi paro loko, atthi mātā, atthi pitā, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṁ parañca lokaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti—
sukatadukkaṭānaṁ → sukaṭadukkaṭānaṁ (bj, pts) | imañca → imaṁ ca (bjt) | parañca → paraṁ ca (bjt) | imañca → imañ ca (pts) | parañca → parañ ca (pts)There are fruits & results of good & bad actions. There is this world & the next world. There is mother & father. There are spontaneously reborn beings; there are contemplatives & brahmans who, faring rightly & practicing rightly, proclaim this world & the next after having directly known & realized it for themselves.’
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā.
puññabhāgiyā → puññābhāgiyā (pts)This is the right view with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā?“And what is the right view that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path?
Yā kho, bhikkhave, ariyacittassa anāsavacittassa ariyamaggasamaṅgino ariyamaggaṁ bhāvayato paññā paññindriyaṁ paññābalaṁ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo sammādiṭṭhi maggaṅgaṁ—
maggaṅgaṁ → maggaṅgā (si, pts1ed) | paññābalaṁ → paññāphalaṁ (sya-all) | ariyamaggasamaṅgino → ariyamaggassa samaṅgino (pts) | maggaṅgaṁ → maggaṅgā (pts) | maggaṅgaṁ → maggaṅgā (bj: sīmu, PTS) | maggaṅgaṁ → maggaṅgā (cck: sī. pī.) | anāsavacittassa → So Si; Sky omit. (pts note) | ariyamaggassa → So Sky; Si ariyamaggasamaṅgino. (pts note)The discernment, the faculty of discernment, the strength of discernment, analysis of qualities as a factor for awakening, the path factor of right view3 in one developing the noble path whose mind is noble, whose mind is without effluents, who is fully possessed of the noble path.
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā.
vuccati → (sya-all, pts)This is the right view that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
So micchādiṭṭhiyā pahānāya vāyamati, sammādiṭṭhiyā, upasampadāya, svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo.
svāssa → sāssa (si, pts1ed); svāyaṁ (mr) | so → yo (pts) | svāssa → sāssa (pts) | so → yo (bj: PTS) | svāssa → sāssa (bj: sīmu) | svāssa → svāyaṁ (cck: ka.) | Yo → So Sky; Si so. (pts note) | sāssa → So Sky and (once) Si; Si usually svāssā. (pts note)“One makes an effort for the abandoning of wrong view & for entering right view: This is one’s right effort.
So sato micchādiṭṭhiṁ pajahati, sato sammādiṭṭhiṁ upasampajja viharati, sāssa hoti sammāsati.
sāssa → sāyaṁ (mr) | sāssa → sāyaṁ (cck: ka.)One is mindful to abandon wrong view & to enter & remain in right view:
Itiyime tayo dhammā sammādiṭṭhiṁ anuparidhāvanti anuparivattanti, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
Itiyime → itissime (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed); itime (si) | itiyime → itissime (bj, sya-all, pts) | itissime → itiyime (bj: machasaṁ); itime (bj: sīmu) | Itiyime → itime (cck: sī.); itissime (cck: syā. kaṁ. pī.) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts)This is one’s right mindfulness.4 Thus these three qualities—right view, right effort, & right mindfulness—run & circle around right view.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“[2] Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Micchāsaṅkappaṁ ‘micchāsaṅkappo’ti pajānāti, sammāsaṅkappaṁ ‘sammāsaṅkappo’ti pajānāti, sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi.
micchāsaṅkappaṁ micchāsaṅkappoti → micchāsaṁkappaṁ micchāsaṁkappo ti (pts) | sammāsaṅkappaṁ sammāsaṅkappoti → sammāsaṁkappaṁ sammāsaṁkappo ti (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One discerns wrong resolve as wrong resolve, and right resolve as right resolve. This is one’s right view.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo?
micchāsaṅkappo → micchāsaṁkappo (pts)And what is wrong resolve?
Kāmasaṅkappo, byāpādasaṅkappo, vihiṁsāsaṅkappo—
byāpādasaṅkappo → vyāpādasaṅkappo (bjt) | kāmasaṅkappo byāpādasaṅkappo vihiṁsāsaṅkappo → kāmasaṁkappo vyāpādasaṁkappo vihiṁsāsaṁkappo (pts)Being resolved on sensuality, on ill will, on harmfulness.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo.
micchāsaṅkappo → micchāsaṁkappo (pts)This is wrong resolve.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo?
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo sammāsaṁkappaṁ (pts)“And what is right resolve?
Sammāsaṅkappampahaṁ, bhikkhave, dvāyaṁ vadāmi—
dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (bj, sya-all) | sammāsaṅkappampahaṁ → sammāsaṅkappampāhaṁ (bj: sīmu) | dvayaṁ → dvāyaṁ (bj: machasaṁ) | sammāsaṅkappampahaṁ → sammāsaṅkappaṁpahaṁ (my, th) | sammāsaṅkappampahaṁ → p ahaṁ (pts)Right resolve, I tell you, is of two sorts:
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko;
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts) | puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts)There is right resolve with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions;
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts)there is right resolve that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko?
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts) | sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts)“And what is the right resolve with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions?
Nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṁsāsaṅkappo:
abyāpādasaṅkappo → avyāpādasaṅkappo (bjt) | nekkhammasaṅkappo abyāpādasaṅkappo avihiṁsāsaṅkappo → nekkhammasaṁkappo avyāpādasaṁkappo avihiṁsāsaṁkappo (pts)Resolve for renunciation, resolve for freedom from ill will, resolve for harmlessness.
‘ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko’.
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts) | sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts)This is the right resolve with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo?
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts)“And what is the right resolve that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path?
Yo kho, bhikkhave, ariyacittassa anāsavacittassa ariyamaggasamaṅgino ariyamaggaṁ bhāvayato takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā vacīsaṅkhāro—
byappanā → vyappaṇā (bj) | ariyamaggasamaṅgino → ariyamaggassa samaṅgino (pts) | vacīsaṅkhāro → vācāsaṁkhāro (pts) | vācāsaṁkhāro → Sky Si vacīsaṁkhāro. Buddhaghosa (MS. of R.AṢ.) has the following: Vācāsaṁkhārotīti vacīsaṁkhāro. My own MS. of Bu reads: Vācāsaṁkharotīti. (pts note) | saṅkappo appanā byappanā → saṁkappo appanāvyappanā (pts)The thinking, directed thinking, resolve, mental fixity, mental transfixion, focused awareness, & verbal fabrications in one developing the noble path whose mind is noble, whose mind is without effluents, who is fully possessed of the noble path.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts)This is the right resolve that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
So micchāsaṅkappassa pahānāya vāyamati, sammāsaṅkappassa upasampadāya, svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo.
svāssa → so ssa (pts) | svāssa → sāssa (bj: sīmu, PTS) | ssa → So Sky; Si svāssa. (pts note) | micchāsaṅkappassa → micchāsaṁkappassa (pts) | sammāsaṅkappassa → sammāsaṁkapassa (pts)“One makes an effort for the abandoning of wrong resolve & for entering right resolve: This is one’s right effort.
So sato micchāsaṅkappaṁ pajahati, sato sammāsaṅkappaṁ upasampajja viharati; sāssa hoti sammāsati.
micchāsaṅkappaṁ → micchāsaṁkappaṁ (pts) | sammāsaṅkappaṁ upasampajja → sammāsaṁkappaṁ upassampajja (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One is mindful to abandon wrong resolve & to enter & remain in right resolve: This is one’s right mindfulness.
Itiyime tayo dhammā sammāsaṅkappaṁ anuparidhāvanti anuparivattanti, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
itiyime → itissime (bj, sya-all, pts) | itissi’me → itiyime (bj: machasaṁ); itime (bj: sīmu) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts) | sammāsaṅkappaṁ → sammāsaṁkappaṁ (pts)Thus these three qualities—right view, right effort, & right mindfulness—run & circle around right resolve.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“[3] Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Micchāvācaṁ ‘micchāvācā’ti pajānāti, sammāvācaṁ ‘sammāvācā’ti pajānāti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi.
micchāvācāti → micchāvācā ti (pts) | sammāvācāti → sammāvācā ti (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One discerns wrong speech as wrong speech, and right speech as right speech. This is one’s right view.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, micchāvācā?And what is wrong speech?
Musāvādo, pisuṇā vācā, pharusā vācā, samphappalāpo—
pisuṇā vācā pharusā vācā → pisuṇāvācā pharusāvācā (bjt)Lying, divisive tale-bearing, abusive speech, & idle chatter.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, micchāvācā.This is wrong speech.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā?“And what is right speech?
Sammāvācampahaṁ, bhikkhave, dvāyaṁ vadāmi—
dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts) | sammāvācampahaṁ → sammāvācaṁpahaṁ (my, th) | sammāvācampahaṁ → sammāvācaṁ p ahaṁ (pts)Right speech, I tell you, is of two sorts:
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāvācā sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā;
puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā → puññābhāgiyā upadhivepakkhā (pts)There is right speech with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions;
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāvācā ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā.there is right speech that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā?
puññabhāgiyā → puññābhāgiyā (pts)“And what is the right speech with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions?
Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī—Abstaining from lying, from divisive tale-bearing, from abusive speech, & from idle chatter.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāvācā sāsavā puññabhāgiyā upadhivepakkā.
puññabhāgiyā → puññābhāgiyā (pts)This is the right speech with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions.
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā?“And what is the right speech that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path?
Yā kho, bhikkhave, ariyacittassa anāsavacittassa ariyamaggasamaṅgino ariyamaggaṁ bhāvayato catūhi vacīduccaritehi ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī—
catūhi → catūhipi (bj, sya-all, pts) | + → pi (pts)The abstaining, desisting, abstinence, avoidance of the four forms of verbal misconduct in one developing the noble path whose mind is noble, whose mind is without effluents, who is fully possessed of the noble path.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāvācā ariyā anāsavā lokuttarā maggaṅgā.This is the right speech that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
So micchāvācāya pahānāya vāyamati, sammāvācāya upasampadāya; svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo.
svāssa → so ssa (pts) | svāssa → sāssa (bj: sīmu)“One makes an effort for the abandoning of wrong speech & for entering right speech: This is one’s right effort.
So sato micchāvācaṁ pajahati, sato sammāvācaṁ upasampajja viharati; sāssa hoti sammāsati.
sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One is mindful to abandon wrong speech & to enter & remain in right speech: This is one’s right mindfulness.
Itiyime tayo dhammā sammāvācaṁ anuparidhāvanti anuparivattanti, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
itiyime → itissime (bj, sya-all, pts) | itissime → itiyime (bj: machasaṁ) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts)Thus these three qualities—right view, right effort, & right mindfulness—run & circle around right speech.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“[4] Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Micchākammantaṁ ‘micchākammanto’ti pajānāti, sammākammantaṁ ‘sammākammanto’ti pajānāti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi.
micchākammantoti → micchākammanto ti (pts) | sammākammantoti → sammākammanto ti (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One discerns wrong action as wrong action, and right action as right action. This is one’s right view.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, micchākammanto?And what is wrong action?
Pāṇātipāto, adinnādānaṁ, kāmesumicchācāro—
kāmesumicchācāro → kāmesu micchācāro (bjt, pts)Killing, taking what is not given, illicit sex.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, micchākammanto.This is wrong action.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto?“And what is right action?
Sammākammantampahaṁ, bhikkhave, dvāyaṁ vadāmi—
dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (bj, sya-all) | sammākammantampahaṁ → sammākammantaṁpahaṁ (my, th) | sammākammantampahaṁ → sammākammantaṁ p ahaṁ (pts)Right action, I tell you, is of two sorts:
atthi, bhikkhave, sammākammanto sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko;
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts)There is right action with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions;
atthi, bhikkhave, sammākammanto ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.there is right action that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko?
upadhivepakko → upadhivepakko atthi bhikkhave (sya-all, pts) | puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts)“And what is the right action with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions?
Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī—
kāmesumicchācārā → kāmesu micchācārā (bjt, pts)Abstaining from killing, from taking what is not given, & from illicit sex.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammākammanto sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko.
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts)This is the right action with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo?“And what is the right action that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path?
Yā kho, bhikkhave, ariyacittassa anāsavacittassa ariyamaggasamaṅgino ariyamaggaṁ bhāvayato tīhi kāyaduccaritehi ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī—
tīhi → tīhipi (bj, sya-all, pts) | + → pi (pts)The abstaining, desisting, abstinence, avoidance of the three forms of bodily misconduct in one developing the noble path whose mind is noble, whose mind is without effluents, who is fully possessed of the noble path.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammākammanto ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.This is the right action that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
So micchākammantassa pahānāya vāyamati, sammākammantassa upasampadāya; svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo.
svāssa → so ssa (pts)“One makes an effort for the abandoning of wrong action & for entering right action: This is one’s right effort.
So sato micchākammantaṁ pajahati, sato sammākammantaṁ upasampajja viharati; sāssa hoti sammāsati.
sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One is mindful to abandon wrong action & to enter & remain in right action: This is one’s right mindfulness.
Itiyime tayo dhammā sammākammantaṁ anuparidhāvanti anuparivattanti, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
itiyime → itissi me (bj, sya-all, pts) | me → sāssa (bj: sīmu) | itiyime → itissime (th, pts) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts)Thus these three qualities—right view, right effort, & right mindfulness—run & circle around right action.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“[5] Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Micchāājīvaṁ ‘micchāājīvo’ti pajānāti, sammāājīvaṁ ‘sammāājīvo’ti pajānāti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi.
micchāājīvaṁ micchāājīvoti → micchā-ājīvaṁ micchā-ājīvo ti (pts) | sammāājīvaṁ sammāājīvoti → sammā-ājīvaṁ sammā-ājīvo ti (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One discerns wrong livelihood as wrong livelihood, and right livelihood as right livelihood. This is one’s right view.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo?
micchāājīvo → micchā-ājīvo (pts)And what is wrong livelihood?
Kuhanā, lapanā, nemittikatā, nippesikatā, lābhena lābhaṁ nijigīsanatā—
nijigīsanatā → nijigiṁsanatā (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) | nemittikatā → nemittakatā (sya-all, pts) | nijigīsanatā → nijigiṁsanatā (pts) | nijigiṁsanatā → nijigīsanatā (bj: machasaṁ) | nijigīsanatā → nijigiṁ sanatā (cck: sī. syā. kaṁ. pī.) | Kuhanā → So Si Bu; Sky kuhaṇalapanā. (pts note)Scheming, persuading, hinting, belittling, & pursuing gain with gain.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo.
micchāājīvo → micchā-ājīvo (pts)This is wrong livelihood.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo?
sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo sammā-ājīvaṁ p (pts)“And what is right livelihood?
Sammāājīvampahaṁ, bhikkhave, dvāyaṁ vadāmi—
dvāyaṁ → dvayaṁ (bj, sya-all) | sammāājīvampahaṁ → sammāājīvaṁpahaṁ (my, th) | sammāājīvampahaṁ → ahaṁ (pts)Right livelihood, I tell you, is of two sorts:
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko;
sāsavo → (sya-all) | sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts) | puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts)There is right livelihood with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions;
atthi, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.
sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)there is right livelihood that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko?
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts) | sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)“And what is the right livelihood with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions?
Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṁ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṁ kappeti—
micchāājīvaṁ → micchā-ājīvaṁ (pts) | sammāājīvena → sammā-ājīvena (pts)There is the case where a disciple of the noble ones abandons wrong livelihood and maintains his life with right livelihood.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo sāsavo puññabhāgiyo upadhivepakko.
puññabhāgiyo → puññābhāgiyo (pts) | sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)This is the right livelihood with effluents, siding with merit, resulting in acquisitions.
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo?
sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)“And what is the right livelihood that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path?
Yā kho, bhikkhave, ariyacittassa anāsavacittassa ariyamaggasamaṅgino ariyamaggaṁ bhāvayato micchāājīvā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī—
micchāājīvā → micchā-ājīvā (pts)The abstaining, desisting, abstinence, avoidance of wrong livelihood in one developing the noble path whose mind is noble, whose mind is without effluents, who is fully possessed of the noble path.
ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo ariyo anāsavo lokuttaro maggaṅgo.
sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts)This is the right livelihood that is noble, without effluents, transcendent, a factor of the path.
So micchāājīvassa pahānāya vāyamati, sammāājīvassa upasampadāya; svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo.
svāssa → so ssa (pts) | svāssa → sossa (bj: sīmu, PTS) | sammāājīvassa → sammā ājīvassa (bjt) | micchāājīvassa → micchā-ājīvassa (pts) | sammāājīvassa → sammā-ājīvassa (pts)“One makes an effort for the abandoning of wrong livelihood & for entering right livelihood: This is one’s right effort.
So sato micchāājīvaṁ pajahati, sato sammāājīvaṁ upasampajja viharati; sāssa hoti sammāsati.
micchāājīvaṁ → micchā-ājīvaṁ (pts) | sammāājīvaṁ → sammā-ājīvaṁ (pts) | sāssa → sā ssa (pts)One is mindful to abandon wrong livelihood & to enter & remain in right livelihood: This is one’s right mindfulness.
Itiyime tayo dhammā sammāājīvaṁ anuparidhāvanti anuparivattanti, seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
itiyime → tassime (bj); itissime (sya-all, pts) | seyyathidaṁ → seyyathīdaṁ (th, pts) | sammāājīvaṁ → sammā-ājīvaṁ (pts)Thus these three qualities—right view, right effort, & right mindfulness—run & circle around right livelihood.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Sammādiṭṭhissa, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo pahoti, sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācā pahoti, sammāvācassa sammākammanto pahoti, sammākammantassa sammāājīvo pahoti, sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmo pahoti, sammāvāyāmassa sammāsati pahoti, sammāsatissa sammāsamādhi pahoti, sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇaṁ pahoti, sammāñāṇassa sammāvimutti pahoti.
sammāsaṅkappo → sammāsaṁkappo (pts) | sammāsaṅkappassa → sammāsaṁkappassa (pts) | sammāājīvo → sammā-ājīvo (pts) | sammāājīvassa → sammā-ājīvassa (pts)In one of right view, right resolve comes into being. In one of right resolve, right speech comes into being. In one of right speech, right action.… In one of right action, right livelihood.… In one of right livelihood, right effort.… In one of right effort, right mindfulness.… In one of right mindfulness, right concentration.… In one of right concentration, right knowledge.… In one of right knowledge, right release comes into being.
Iti kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato sekkho, dasaṅgasamannāgato arahā hoti.
sekkho → sekkhā (bj); sekho (sya-all); sekho pāṭipado (pts1ed, mr) | sekkho dasaṅgasamannāgato → sekho dasahaṅgasamannāgato (sya-all) | sekkho → sekho paṭipado (pts) | sekho → sekkho (bj: machasaṁ); sekho paṭipadā (bj: PTS) | sekkho → aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatā sekhā paṭipadā (sī.), aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato sekho pāṭipado (pī. ka.) ( ) natthi sī. syā. kaṁ. pī. potthakesu (cck note) | paṭipado → So Sky; Si omits. (pts note) | dasaṅgasamannāgato → Si dasahaṅgas-. (pts note)Thus the learner is endowed with eight factors, and the arahant with ten.
Tatrapi sammāñāṇena aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā vigatā bhāvanāpāripūriṁ gacchanti.
Tatra, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti.“Of those, right view is the forerunner.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti?
kathañca → kathañ ca (pts)And how is right view the forerunner?
Sammādiṭṭhissa, bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hoti.In one of right view, wrong view is abolished.
Ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti.
cassa → assa (pts)The many evil, unskillful qualities that come into play with wrong view as their condition are also abolished,
Sammādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṁ gacchanti.
sammādiṭṭhipaccayā → sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca (bj, sya-all, pts) | bhāvanāpāripūriṁ → Si bh--parip-. (pts note)while the many skillful qualities that have right view as their condition go to the culmination of their development.
Sammāsaṅkappassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo nijjiṇṇo hoti …pe…
hoti → Si continues: --pe-- sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā nijjiṇṇā hoti. Sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto nijjiṇṇo hoti. Sammā-ājīvassa, bhikkhave, sammā-ājīvo nijjiṇṇo hoti. Sammāvāyāmassa . . . hoti. Sammāñāṇassa . . . hoti. Sammāvimuttassa, bhikkhave, micchāvimutti nijjiṇṇā hoti, ye ca) &c., &c.). (pts note) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right resolve, wrong resolve is abolished.…
sammāvācassa, bhikkhave, micchāvācā nijjiṇṇā hoti …
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right speech, wrong speech is abolished.…
sammākammantassa, bhikkhave, micchākammanto nijjiṇṇo hoti …
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right action, wrong action is abolished.…
sammāājīvassa, bhikkhave, micchāājīvo nijjiṇṇo hoti …
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right livelihood, wrong livelihood is abolished.…
sammāvāyāmassa, bhikkhave, micchāvāyāmo nijjiṇṇo hoti …
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right effort, wrong effort is abolished.…
sammāsatissa, bhikkhave, micchāsati nijjiṇṇā hoti …
pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right mindfulness, wrong mindfulness is abolished.…
sammāsamādhissa, bhikkhave, micchāsamādhi nijjiṇṇo hoti …
nijjiṇṇo → nijjiṇṇā (pts) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right concentration, wrong concentration is abolished.…
sammāñāṇassa, bhikkhave, micchāñāṇaṁ nijjiṇṇaṁ hoti …
nijjiṇṇaṁ → nijjiṇṇo (bj) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt)In one of right knowledge, wrong knowledge is abolished.…
sammāvimuttassa, bhikkhave, micchāvimutti nijjiṇṇā hoti.In one of right release, wrong release is abolished.
Ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti.
cassa → assa (pts)The many evil, unskillful qualities that come into play with wrong release as their condition are also abolished,
Sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṁ gacchanti.while the many skillful qualities that have right release as their condition go to the culmination of their development.
Iti kho, bhikkhave, vīsati kusalapakkhā, vīsati akusalapakkhā—“Thus, monks, there are twenty factors siding with skillfulness, and twenty with unskillfulness.
mahācattārīsako dhammapariyāyo pavattito appaṭivattiyo samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṁ.
appaṭivattiyo → appativattiyo (bj, pts) | lokasmiṁ → lokasminti (bj, sya-all) | vā → Si omits Mārena vā. (pts note) | lokasmiṁ → Si lokasmin ti. (pts note)“This Dhamma discourse on the Great Forty has been set rolling and cannot be stopped by any contemplative or brahman or deva or Māra or Brahmā or anyone at all in the world.
Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaṁ mahācattārīsakaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ garahitabbaṁ paṭikkositabbaṁ maññeyya tassa diṭṭheva dhamme dasasahadhammikā vādānuvādā gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ āgacchanti—
gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ → gārayhaṭṭhānaṁ (sya-all) | koci → Sky ye hi keci. (pts note) | vādānuvādā → So Si; Sky vādānupātā as at II. Maj. p. 127. (pts note) | gārayhaṁ → Si gāreyhaṭṭhānaṁ. (pts note) | dasasahadhammikā → dasa sahadhammikā (bjt, th, pts) | diṭṭheva → diṭṭhe va (pts)“If any contemplative or brahman might think that this Great Forty Dhamma discourse should be censured & rejected, there are ten legitimate implications of his statement that would form grounds for censuring him here & now.
sammādiṭṭhiñce bhavaṁ garahati, ye ca micchādiṭṭhī samaṇabrāhmaṇā te bhoto pujjā, te bhoto pāsaṁsā;
micchādiṭṭhī → Si micchādiṭṭhi; Sky micchādiṭṭhiṁ. (pts note) | sammādiṭṭhiñce → sammādiṭṭhiṁ ce (my, bjt) | sammādiṭṭhiñce → sammādiṭṭhiñ ce (pts)If he censures right view, then he would honor any contemplatives & brahmans who are of wrong view; he would praise them.
sammāsaṅkappañce bhavaṁ garahati, ye ca micchāsaṅkappā samaṇabrāhmaṇā te bhoto pujjā, te bhoto pāsaṁsā;
sammāsaṅkappañce → sammāsaṅkappaṁ ce (my, bjt) | sammāsaṅkappañce → sammāsaṁkappañ ce (pts) | micchāsaṅkappā → micchāsaṁkappā (pts)If he censures right resolve…
sammāvācañce bhavaṁ garahati …pe…
garahati → Si omits rest of sentence, here et infra, resuming full recital with Sammāvimuttiñ. (pts note) | sammāvācañce → sammāvācaṁ ce (my, bjt) | + → ye ca micchāvācā samaṇabrāhmaṇā te bhoto (bjt) | sammāvācañce → sammāvācañ ce (pts) | + → ye cā pāsaṁsā (pts)right speech…
sammākammantañce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammākammantañce → sammākammantaṁ ce (my) | sammākammantañce → pujjā te bhoto pāsaṁsā sammākammantaṁ ce (bjt) | sammākammantañce bhavaṁ garahati → sammākammantañ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right action…
sammāājīvañce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammāājīvañce → sammāājīvaṁ ce (my) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | sammāājīvañce bhavaṁ garahati → sammā-ājīvañ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right livelihood…
sammāvāyāmañce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammāvāyāmañce → sammāvāyāmaṁ ce (my) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | sammāvāyāmañce bhavaṁ garahati → sammāvāyāmañ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right effort…
sammāsatiñce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammāsatiñce → sammāsatiṁ ce (my) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | sammāsatiñce bhavaṁ garahati → sammāsatiñ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right mindfulness…
sammāsamādhiñce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammāsamādhiñce → sammāsamādhiṁ ce (my) | sammāsamādhiñce bhavaṁ garahati → sammāsamādhiñ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right concentration…
sammāñāṇañce bhavaṁ garahati …
sammāñāṇañce → sammāñāṇaṁ ce (my) | pe → spelled out in full (bjt) | sammāñāṇañce bhavaṁ garahati → sammāñāṇañ ce pāsaṁsā (pts)right knowledge.…
sammāvimuttiñce bhavaṁ garahati, ye ca micchāvimuttī samaṇabrāhmaṇā te bhoto pujjā, te bhoto pāsaṁsā.
ca → (sya-all) | sammāvimuttiñce → sammāvimuttiṁ ce (my) | sammāvimuttiñce → ye ca micchāñāṇī samaṇabrāhmaṇā te bhoto pujjā te bhoto pāsaṁsā sammāvimuttiṁ ce (bjt) | sammāvimuttiñce → sammāvimuttiñ ce (pts)If he censures right release, then he would honor any contemplatives & brahmans who are of wrong release; he would praise them.
Yo koci, bhikkhave, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaṁ mahācattārīsakaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ garahitabbaṁ paṭikkositabbaṁ maññeyya tassa diṭṭheva dhamme ime dasasahadhammikā vādānuvādā gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ āgacchanti.
yo koci → yekeci (sya-all) | samaṇo → samaṇā (sya-all) | brāhmaṇo → brāhmaṇā (sya-all) | maññeyya → maññeyyuṁ (sya-all) | gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ → gārayhaṭṭhānaṁ (sya-all) | yo → yo hi (pts) | hi → Si omits hi. (pts note) | dasasahadhammikā → dasa sahadhammikā (bjt, th, pts) | diṭṭheva → diṭṭhe va (pts)If any contemplative or brahman might think that this Great Forty Dhamma discourse should be censured & rejected, there are these ten legitimate implications of his statement that would form grounds for censuring him here & now.
Yepi te, bhikkhave, ahesuṁ okkalā vassabhaññā ahetuvādā akiriyavādā natthikavādā tepi mahācattārīsakaṁ dhammapariyāyaṁ na garahitabbaṁ nappaṭikkositabbaṁ amaññiṁsu.
amaññiṁsu → maññeyyuṁ (sya-all, pts1ed, mr) | vassabhaññā → vayabhiññā (mr) | okkalā → ukkalā (bj, sya-all) | nappaṭikkositabbaṁ amaññiṁsu → napaṭikkositabbaṁ maññiṁsu (bj); na paṭikkositabbaṁ maññeyyuṁ (sya-all, pts) | vassabhaññā → okkalā/ vayabhiññā (bj: machasaṁ) | napaṭikkositabbaṁ → nappaṭikkositabbaṁ (bj: machasaṁ) | maññiṁsu → maññeyyuṁ (bj: machasaṁ, syā, PTS) | vassabhaññā → vayabhiññā (ka.) saṁ. ni. 3.62; a. ni. 4.30 passitabbaṁ (cck note) | amaññiṁsu → maññeyyuṁ (cck: ka.) | Okkalā → So Bu; Sky Si Ukkalā. (pts note) | yepi → ye pi (pts) | vassabhaññā → vassa-bhaññā (pts) | tepi → te pi (pts)“Even Vassa & Bhañña—those teachers from Ukkala who were proponents of no-causality, no-action, & no-existence—would not think that this Dhamma discourse on the Great Forty should be censured & rejected.
Taṁ kissa hetu?Why is that?
Nindābyārosaupārambhabhayā”ti.
Nindābyārosa-upārambhabhayā → So Sky Si; Bu nindāvyāpāros-. (pts note) | nindābyārosaupārambhabhayāti → nindābyārosa-upārambhabhayā ti (pts)For fear of criticism, opposition, & reproach.”
Idamavoca bhagavā.
idamavoca → idam avoca (pts)That is what the Blessed One said.
Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
abhinandunti → abhinandun ti (pts)Gratified, the monks delighted in the Blessed One’s words.
Mahācattārīsakasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.
mahācattārīsakasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ → mahācattārīsaka suttaṁ (bjt)