- Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- BhikkhunivibhaṅgaThe Nuns’ Analysis
- PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
- KumāribhūtavaggaThe subchapter on unmarried women
72. DutiyakumāribhūtasikkhāpadaOrdaining an untrained unmarried woman
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpenti.
kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhūtaṁ (bj, sya-all)At that time the nuns were giving the full admission to unmarried women who were more than twenty years old, but who had not trained for two years in the six rules.
Tā bālā honti abyattā;They were ignorant and incompetent,
na jānanti kappiyaṁ vā akappiyaṁ vā.and they did not know what was allowable and what was not.
Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
khiyyanti → khīyanti (bj, sya-all)The nuns of few desires complained and criticized them,
“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpessantī”ti …pe…
kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhutaṁ (bj); kumārībhūtaṁ (sya-all)“How can nuns give the full admission to unmarried women who are more than twenty years old, but who haven’t trained for two years in the six rules?” …
“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpentī”ti?
kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhutaṁ (bj); kumārībhūtaṁ (sya-all) | asikkhitasikkhaṁ → sikkhitasikkhaṁ (sya-all)“Is it true, monks, that nuns do this?”
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …
kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpessanti.
kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhūtaṁ (bj, sya-all)“How can nuns do this?
Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …”
vigarahitvā …pe…After rebuking them …
dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ dātuṁ.
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)“Monks, approval is required for an unmarried woman who is eighteen years old to train for two years in the six rules.
Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā.And the approval is to be given like this.
Tāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all)After approaching the Sangha of nuns, that unmarried woman who is eighteen years old should arrange her upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the nuns. She should then squat on her heels, raise her joined palms, and say:
‘ahaṁ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ yācāmī’ti.
kumāribhūtā → kumārībhūtā (bj, sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)‘Venerables, I, so-and-so, an unmarried woman who is eighteen years old, am training under venerable so-and-so. I ask the Sangha for approval to train for two years in the six rules.’
Dutiyampi yācitabbā.And she should ask a second Tatiyampi yācitabbā.and a third time.
Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo—A competent and capable nun should then inform the Sangha:
‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho.‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
Ayaṁ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ yācati.
kumāribhūtā → kumārībhūtā (bj, sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)The unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, is asking the Sangha for approval to train for two years in the six rules under venerable so-and-so.
Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ dadeyya.
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)If the Sangha is ready, it should give approval to the unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, to train for two years in the six rules.
Esā ñatti.This is the motion.
Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho.Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
Ayaṁ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ yācati.
kumāribhūtā → kumārībhūtā (bj, sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)The unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, is asking the Sangha for approval to train for two years in the six rules under venerable so-and-so.
Saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṁ deti.
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiṁ → sikkhāsammatiṁ (sya-all)The Sangha gives approval to the unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, to train for two years in the six rules.
Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiyā dānaṁ, sā tuṇhassa;
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all) | sikkhāsammutiyā → sikkhāsammatiyā (sya-all)Any nun who approves of giving approval to the unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, to train for two years in the six rules should remain silent.
yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.Any nun who doesn’t approve should speak up.
Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammuti.
kumāribhūtāya → kumārībhutāya (bj); kumārībhūtāya (sya-all) | sikkhāsammuti → sikkhāsammati (sya-all)The Sangha has given approval to the unmarried woman so-and-so, who is eighteen years old, to train for two years in the six rules.
Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I will remember it thus.’
Sā aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā evaṁ vadehīti vattabbā—
kumāribhūtā → kumārībhūtā (bj, sya-all)That unmarried woman who is eighteen years old should be told to say this:
“pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṁ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṁ samādiyāmi …pe…‘I undertake to abstain from killing living beings for two years without transgression. …
vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṁ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṁ samādiyāmī”ti.I undertake to abstain from eating at the wrong time for two years without transgression.’”
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya …pe…Then, after rebuking those nuns in many ways, the Buddha spoke in dispraise of being difficult to support … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
“Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiyan”ti.
paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ → paripuṇṇa vīsativassaṁ kumārībhutaṁ (bj) | kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhūtaṁ (sya-all)‘If a nun gives the full admission to an unmarried woman who is more than twenty years old, but who has not trained for two years in the six rules, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
- Yā panātiA:
- yā yādisā …pe…whoever …
- bhikkhunītiNun:
- …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
- Paripuṇṇavīsativassā nāmaWho is more than twenty years old:
- pattavīsativassā.who has reached twenty years of age.
- Kumāribhūtā nāma
kumāribhūtā → kumārībhūtā (bj, sya-all)An unmarried woman: - sāmaṇerī vuccati.a novice nun is what is meant.
- Dve vassānītiTwo years:
- dve saṁvaccharāni.two twelve-month periods.
- Asikkhitasikkhā nāmaWho has not trained:
- sikkhā vā na dinnā hoti, dinnā vā sikkhā kupitā.the training has not been given to her, or the training has been given to her, but she has failed in it.
- VuṭṭhāpeyyātiGives the full admission:
- upasampādeyya.gives the full ordination. “Vuṭṭhāpessāmī”ti gaṇaṁ vā ācariniṁ vā pattaṁ vā cīvaraṁ vā pariyesati, sīmaṁ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If, intending to give the full admission, she searches for a group, a teacher, a bowl, or a robe, or she establishes a monastery zone, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ.After the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā.After each of the first two announcements, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa.When the last announcement is finished, the preceptor commits an offense entailing confession, Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.and the group and the teacher commit an offense of wrong conduct.
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
āpatti → (sya-all)If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, and she gives the full admission, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she gives the full admission, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she gives the full admission, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Anāpatti—There is no offense:
paripuṇṇavīsativassaṁ kumāribhūtaṁ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṁ vuṭṭhāpeti,
kumāribhūtaṁ → kumārībhutaṁ (bj); kumārībhūtaṁ (sya-all)if she gives the full admission to an unmarried woman who is more than twenty years old, and who has trained for two years in the six rules;
ummattikāya,if she is insane;
ādikammikāyāti.if she is the first offender.
Dutiyasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.The second training rule is finished.